InEn ''ecologyecoloxía'', common limitingrecursos factor [[Resourcelimitante (biology)|resources]]comúns areson environmentalcondicións conditionsambientais thatque limitlimitan theo growthcrecemento, abundanceabundancia, orou distributiondistribución ofdun anorganismo organismou orunha apoboación populationde oforganismos organismsnun in an ecosystem[[ecosistema]].<ref name=TMS>Thomas M. Smith., Robert Leo Smith. 2009. Or simply, Limiting factors are things that prevent a population from growing any large. ''Elements of Ecology''. Pearson International Edition. 7th Ed.</ref>{{rp|G-11}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biology-online.org/dictionary/Limiting_factor|title=Limiting factor - Biology-Online Dictionary|publisher=}}</ref> TheO conceptconcepto ofde limitingfactores factorslimitantes isestá basedbaseado na on ''[[lei de Liebig's Law]] ofdo the Minimum,mínimo'', whichque statesafirma thatque growtho iscrecemento controllednon notestá bycontrolado thepola cantidade total amountde of resourcesrecursos availabledispoñibles, butsenón bypolo therecurso scarcestmáis resourceescaso. InNoutras other wordspalabras, aun factor isé limitinglimitante if ase changeun incambio theno factor producesproduce increasedun growthincremento do crecemetno, abundanceabundancia, orou distributiondistribución ofdun an organismorganismo, whencando otheroutros factorsfactores necessarynecesarios topara the organismsa lifevida do notorganismo non os producen. LimitingOs factorsfactores imitantes maypoden beser physicalfísicos orou biologicalbiolóxicos.<ref name=TMS/>{{rp|417,8}}
LimitingOs factorsfactores arelimitantes notnon limitedestán tolimitados theás conditioncondicións ofdas the speciesespecies. SomeAlgúns factorsfactores maypoden beser increasedincrementados orou reducedreducidos baseddependendo ondas circumstancescircunstancias. AnUn exampleexemplo ofdun afactor limitinglimitante factoré isa [[sunlightluz solar]] in thenunha [[rain forestselva]], whereonde growtho iscrecemento limitedestá tolimitado allpara plantstodas onas theplantas [[forestdo floor]]chan unlessda moreselva lighta becomesnon available.ser Thisque decreasesdispoñan ade numbermáis ofluz potential(xeralmente factorsas thatárbores couldtapan influencecase toda a biologicalluz). process,Isto butdiminúe onlyvarios onefactores ispotenciais inque effectpoderían atinfluír anynun oneproceso placebiolóxico, andpero timesó un está en efecto en calquera luga e momento. ThisEste recognitionrecoñecemento thatde thereque ishai alwayssempre aun ''singlesó'' limiting factor islimitante é vital inen [[ecology]]ecoloxía; ande theo conceptconcepto hasten parallelsparalelos inen numerousmoitos otheroutros processesprocesos. The limitingO factor alsolimitante causestamén causa a [[competitioncompetencia (bioloxía)|competencia]] betweenentre individualsindividuos ofdunha apoboación speciesdunha populationespecie. ForPor exampleexemplo, o [[spaceespazo]] isé aun limitingfactor factorlimitante. ManyMoitos predatorspredadores ande preypresas neednecesitan aunha certaincerta amountcantidade ofde spaceespazo forpara survivalsobrevivir: foodalimento, water,auga ande otheroutras biologicalnecesidades needsbiolóxicas. IfSe thea populationpoboación ofdunha aespecie speciesé isdemasiado too highalta, theyempeza starta competingcompetir forpor thoseesas needsnecesidades. ThusAsí, theos limitingfactores factorslimitantes hold down population in an area by causing some individuals to seek better prospects elsewhere and others to stay and starve. Some other limiting factors in biology include [[temperature]] and other [[weather]] related factors. Species can also be limited by the availability of macro- and micronutrients. There has even been evidence of co-limitation in prairie ecosystems. A study published in 2017 showed that sodium (a micronutrient) had no effect on its own, but when in combination with nitrogen and phosphorus (macronutrients), it did show positive effects, which is evidence of serial co-limitation.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Kaspari|first=Michael|last2=Roeder|first2=Karl A.|last3=Benson|first3=Brittany|last4=Weiser|first4=Michael D.|last5=Sanders|first5=Nathan J.|date=2017-02-01|title=Sodium co-limits and catalyzes macronutrients in a prairie food web|url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ecy.1677/abstract|journal=Ecology|language=en|volume=98|issue=2|pages=315–320|doi=10.1002/ecy.1677|pmid=27936500|issn=1939-9170}}</ref>
