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Liña 29: == Anatomía e ciclo vital == <!--▼ Adult megalopterans closely resemble the lacewings, except for the presence of a pleated region on their hind wings, helping them to fold over the abdomen. They have strong mandibles and [[insect mouthparts\|mouthpart]]s apparently adapted for chewing, although many species do not eat as adults. They have large [[compound eye]]s, and, in some species, also have [[ocelli]]. The wings are large and [[wiktionary:subequal\|subequal]].<ref name=IIBD>{{cite book \|author= Hoell, H.V., Doyen, J.T. & Purcell, A.H. \|year=1998 \|title=Introduction to Insect Biology and Diversity, 2nd ed. \|publisher= Oxford University Press \|pages= 441–443\|isbn= 0-19-510033-6}}</ref> Os megalópteros adultos lembran moito a [[neurópteros]], excepto pola presenza dunha rexión prateada nas ás traseiras, que lle axuda a dobralas sobre o abdome. Teñen fortes mandíbulas e pezas bucais aparentemente adaptadas para mastigar, aínda que moitas especies non comen cando son adultos. Teñen grandes [[ollo composto\|ollos compostos]], e nalgunhas especies tamén [[ocelo]]s. As ás son grandes e subiguais.<ref name=IIBD>{{cite book \|author= Hoell, H.V., Doyen, J.T. & Purcell, A.H. \|year=1998 \|title=Introduction to Insect Biology and Diversity, 2nd ed. \|publisher= Oxford University Press \|pages= 441–443\|isbn= 0-19-510033-6}}</ref> The female may lay up to 3,000 eggs in a single mass, placing them on vegetation overhanging water. Megaloptera undergo the most rudimentary form of [[metamorphosis (biology)\|complete metamorphosis]] among the insects. There are fewer differences between the larval and adult forms of Megaloptera than in any other order of [[holometabolous]] insects, and their aquatic [[larva]]e dwell in fresh water, around which the adults also live. The larvae are [[carnivorous]], and are known to feed on small invertebrates, such as crustaceans, clams, worms and other insects. They possess strong jaws that they use to capture their prey. They have large heads and elongated bodies. The abdomen bears a number of fine tactile filaments, which, in some species, may include [[gill]]s. The final segment of the abdomen bears either a pair of [[proleg]]s, or a single, tail-like appendage.<ref name=IIBD/> As femias poñen ata 3 000 ovos nunha masa conxunta, que depositan sobre vexetación que colga sobre a superficie da auga. Sofren a forma máis rudimentaria de [[metamorfose (bioloxía)\|metamorfose completa]] entre os insectos. Presentan menos diferenzas entre as formas larvarias e as adultas que calquera outra orde de insectos [[holometábolo]]s, e as súas larvas acuáticas viven en auga doce, arredor da cal viven tmén os adultos. As larvas son carnívoras, e comen pequenos invertebrados, como [[crustáceos]], [[ameixa]]s, [[verme]]s e outros insectos. Posúen fortes mandíbulas que usan para capturar as súas presas. Teñen grandes cabezas e corpos alongados. O abdome leva varios filamentos táctiles finos, que nalgunhas especies poden incluír [[branquia]]s. O segmento final do abdome leva un par de [[propata]]s, ou un só apéndice parecido a unha cola.<ref name=IIBD/> The larvae grow slowly, taking anywhere from 1 to 5 years to reach the last larval stage. When they reach maturity, the larvae crawl out onto land to [[pupa]]te in damp soil or under logs. Unusually, the pupa is fully motile, with large mandibles that it can use to defend itself against predators. The short-lived adults emerge from the pupa to mate - many species never feed as adults, living only a few days or hours.<ref name=IIBD/> As larvas crecen lentamente e tardan de 1 a 5 anos en chegar ao últimoestado larvario. Candochegan á madurez, as larvas arrástranse a terra e [[pupa]]n no solo húmido ou baixo troncos. Algo pouco común é que a pupa é completamente móbil e ten grandes mandíbulas que usa para defenderse dos seus predadores. Os adultos de vida curta emerxen da pupa para aparearse, e moits especies nunca se alimentan como adultos e viven só unhas poucas horas ou días.<ref name=IIBD/> == Evolución == ▲<!-- Apart from the two living [[family (biology)\|families]], there are a few prehistoric [[taxa]] in the Megaloptera, only known from [[fossil]]s. Some of these occupy a more [[basal (evolution)\|basal]] position:<ref>See references in Haaramo (2008)</ref> * Genus ''[[Corydasialis]]'' (sometimes considered [[monotypic]] family [[Corydasialidae]]<ref>Engel & Grimaldi (2007)</ref>) Liña 45 ⟶ 46: The Megaloptera are monophyletic and are a sister clade of the [[Neuroptera]].<ref name=Wang2012>Wang Y, Liu X, Winterton SL, Yang D (2012) The first mitochondrial genome for the fishfly subfamily Chauliodinae and implications for the higher phylogeny of Megaloptera. PLoS One 7(10):e47302. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047302</ref> Within the Megaloptera, Corydalinae and [[Chauliodinae]] are sister clades. The divergence time estimation suggests that the stem lineage of Neuropterida and [[Coleoptera]] separated in the Early [[Permian]] --> == Notas == {{listaref}}

Megalópteros: Diferenzas entre revisións