Megalópteros: Diferenzas entre revisións

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[[FileFicheiro:Corydalus cornutus MHNT male.jpg|thumbminiatura| ''Corydalus cornutus'' - [[MHNT]]]]
 
Os '''megalópteros''' ('''Megaloptera''') é unha [[orde (bioloxía)|orde]] de [[insectos]] do que se coñecen unhas 300 especies.
'''Megaloptera''' is an [[order (biology)|order]] of [[insect]]s. It contains the [[alderfly|alderflies]], [[dobsonfly|dobsonflies]] and [[fishfly|fishflies]], and there are about 300 known [[species]].
 
The order's name comes from [[Ancient Greek]], from ''mega-'' (μέγα-) "large" + ''pteryx'' (πτέρυξ) "wing", in reference to the large, clumsy wings of these insects. Megaloptera are relatively unknown insects across much of their range, due to the adults' short lives, the [[Aquatic insects|aquatic]] larvae's often-high tolerance of [[pollution]] (so they are not often encountered by swimmers etc.), and the generally [[crepuscular]] or [[nocturnal]] habits. However, in the [[Americas]] the dobsonflies are rather well-known, as their males have tusk-like mandibles. These, while formidable in appearance, are relatively harmless to humans and other animals; much like a [[peacock]]'s feathers, they serve mainly to impress females. However, the mandibles are also used to hold females during mating, and some male dobsonflies spar with each other in courtship displays, trying to flip each other over with their long mandibles.{{citation needed|date=February 2016}} Dobsonfly larvae, commonly called hellgrammites, are often used for [[angling]] [[bait (fishing)|bait]] in [[North America]].
 
O nome procede do grego μέγα-, mega, 'grande' e πτέρυξ, pterix, 'á', en referencia ás súas ás grandes e burdas. Os megal´pteros son insectos relativaemnte descoñecidos en gran parte da súa área de distribución, debido á curta vida dos adultos, a frecuentemente alta tolerancia das larvas acuáticas á [[polución]] (polo que son difíciles de atopar), e os seus hábitos xeralmente crepuscular]s ou nocturnos. Porén, en [[América]] as dobsonflies son ben coñecidas polas mandíbulas parecidas a defensas de elefante dos machos. Estas teñen unha aparencia formidable, pero son relativsamente inofensivs para os humanos e outros animais; a súa función é impresionar ás femias. Porén, as mandíbulas tamén se usan para suxeitar as femias durante o apareamento, e algúns machos pelexan entre elas en exhibicións de cortexo. As larvas destas especies adoitan usarse como isco para a pesca con anzó en Norteamérica.
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The Megaloptera were formerly considered part of a group then called Neuroptera, together with [[lacewing]]s and [[snakefly|snakeflies]], but these are now generally considered to be separate orders, with Neuroptera referring to the lacewings and relatives (which were formerly called Planipennia). The former Neuroptera, particularly the lacewing group, are nonetheless very closely related to each other, and the new name for this group is [[Neuropterida]].<ref>Also called "Neuropteroidea", though the ending "-oidea" is normally used for [[Taxonomic rank|superfamilies]]. See references in Haaramo (2008).</ref> This is either placed at [[superorder]] rank, with the [[Endopterygota]]—of which they are part—becoming an unranked [[clade]] above it, or the Endopterygota are maintained as a superorder, with an unranked Neuropterida being a part of them. Within the endopterygotes, the closest living relatives of the neuropteridan clade are the [[beetle]]s.