Aflatoxina: Diferenzas entre revisións

Contido eliminado Contido engadido
Miguelferig (conversa | contribucións)
Miguelferig (conversa | contribucións)
Liña 24:
A toxina tamén se pode atopa no leite de animais que son alimentados con comida contaminada.
 
InternationalEn sourcesprodutos ofcomercializados commercialinternacionalmente como [[peanutmanteiga butterde cacahuete]], [[cookingaceites oilsde cociñar]], (e.g.como o de [[oliveaceite oilde oliva|oliveoliva]], [[Peanutaceite oilde cacahuete|peanutcacahuete]] ande [[sesameaceite de oilsésamo|sésamo]]), ande [[cosmeticscosmético]]s haveás beenveces identifieddetectouse ascontaminación contaminatedpor with aflatoxinaflatoxinas.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Determination of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, and G2 in olive oil, peanut oil, and sesame oil |author=Bao L, Trucksess MW, White KD. |journal=Journal of AOAC International |year= 2010 |volume=93 |issue=3 |pages=936–42 |pmid=20629398 }}</ref><ref name="peanut"/><ref name="analytical" /> InNalgunhas some instancesinstancias, a [[Liquidcromatografía chromatography–masslíquida-espectrometría spectrometryde masas|liquidcromatografía chromatographylíquida]]-[[tandemespectrometría de masas massen spectrometrytándem]] (LC-MS/MS), ande otheroutros analyticalmétodos methodsanalíticos, revealedrevelaron a range from 48% to 80% of selected product samplesque as containingmostras detectablede quantitiesprodutos ofseleccionados aflatoxin.contiñan Indo many48% ofao these80% contaminated food products, the aflatoxin exceeded the safe limits of the U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA),cntiñan orcantidades otherdetectables regulatoryde agencyaflatoxinas.<ref name="peanut">{{cite journal|last=Li|first=Feng-Qin|author2=Li, Yu-Wei|author3= Wang, Ye-Ru|author4= Luo, Xue-Yun|title=Natural Occurrence of Aflatoxins in Chinese Peanut Butter and Sesame Paste |journal=[[Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry]] |date=13 May 2009 |volume=57 |issue=9 |pages=3519–24 |pmid=19338351 |doi=10.1021/jf804055n}}</ref><ref name="analytical">{{cite journal|last=Mahoney|first=Noreen|author2=Russell J. Molyneux|title=A Rapid Analytical Method for Determination of Aflatoxins in Plant-Derived Dietary Supplement and Cosmetic Oils|journal=J Agric Food Chem.|date=14 April 2010|volume=58|issue=7|pages=4065–70|pmc=2858461|pmid=20235534|doi=10.1021/jf9039028}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Leong|first=Y. -H.|author2=Ismail, N.|author3= Latiff, A. A.|author4= Manaf, N. A.|author5= Rosma, A.|title=Determination of aflatoxins in commercial nuts and nut products using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry|journal=[[World Mycotoxin Journal]]|date=1 January 2011|volume=4|issue=2|pages=119–127|doi=10.3920/WMJ2010.1229}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=McDaniel|first=A.|title=Effect of Matrix Clean-Up for Aflatoxin Analysis in Corn and Dried Distillers Grains|journal=Natural Resources|date=1 January 2011|volume=02|issue=4|pages=250–257|doi=10.4236/nr.2011.24032|first2= W. E. |last2=Holmes |first3=P. |last3=Williams |first4=K. L. |last4=Armbrust |first5=D. L. |last5=Sparks |first6=A. E. |last6=Brown}}</ref>
 
To protect human and animal health, the [[United States Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) has established [[action level]]s for aflatoxin present in food or [[Mycotoxins in animal feed|feed]] that range between 20 and 300 [[Parts-per notation#ppb|ppb]].<ref name=fda2000>{{Cite document
| date=August 2000 |title=Guidance for Industry: Action Levels for Poisonous or Deleterious Substances in Human Food and Animal Feed |publisher=[[Food and Drug Administration]] |url=http://www.fda.gov/Food/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/GuidanceDocuments/ChemicalContaminantsandPesticides/ucm077969.htm#afla |accessdate=March 10, 2013
|postscript=<!-- Bot inserted parameter. Either remove it; or change its value to "." for the cite to end in a ".", as necessary. -->{{inconsistent citations}} }}</ref>
 
== Pathology ==<!-- This section is linked from [[Peanut]] -->