Lingua hebrea: Diferenzas entre revisións

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O '''hebreo''' ou '''hebraico'''<ref>{{DRAG-PdP|termo_DRAG=hebraico}}</ref> (en {{lang-he|עִבְרִית}} ʿIvrit) é é unha [[lingua semítica]] da [[Linguas afroasiáticas|familia lingüística afroasiática]]. Historicamente, é a lingua [[Tribos de Israel|iraelistas]] e os seus antergos, malia que a lingua non aparece co nome de hebreo no [[Tanakh]]. No [[Tanakh]] (Biblia xudía), a lingua é chamada "yehudit" (a lingua de Xudá) ou "səpaṯ kəna‘an" (a lingua de Canaan). Os exemplos máis antigos de [[alfabeto paleohebreo|paleohebreo]] datan do [[século -X]], na forma de debuxos primitivos, mais "a cuestión da lingua usada na inscrición queda sen responder, facendo imposible probar que era hebreo e non outra lingua local".<ref>{{cita web|url=http://www.physorg.com/news182101034.html |título=Most ancient Hebrew biblical inscription deciphered |publisher=Physorg.com |data= |dataacceso=25 de abril de 2013}}</ref>
 
Hebrew had ceased to be an everyday spoken language somewhere between the first and fourth centuries CE<ref>"If you couldn't speak Greek by say the time of early Christianity you couldn't get a job. You wouldn't get a good job. a professional job. You had to know Greek in addition to your own language. And so you were getting to a point where Jews...the Jewish community in say Egypt and large cities like Alexandria didn't know Hebrew anymore they only knew Greek. And so you need a Greek version in the synagogue." -- Josheph Blankinsopp, Professor of Biblical Studies University of Notre Dame in A&E's ''Who Wrote the Bible''</ref> and survived into the medieval period only as the language of Jewish liturgy and rabbinic literature. Then, in the 19th century, it was revived as a spoken and literary language, and, according to [[Ethnologue]], is now the language of 9 million people worldwide,<ref name=israel-hayom-hebrew-speakers>{{cite news|last=Klein|first=Zeev|title=A million and a half Israelis struggle with Hebrew|url=http://www.israelhayom.com/site/newsletter_article.php?id=8065|accessdate=2 November 2013|newspaper=[[Israel Hayom]]|date=March 18, 2013}}</ref><ref name=Behadrey-Haredim>{{cite web|authors=Nachman Gur, Behadrey Haredim|title=Kometz Aleph – Au• How many Hebrew speakers are there in the world?|url=http://www.bhol.co.il/article_en.aspx?id=52405|accessdate=2 November 2013}}</ref> of whom 7 million are from [[Israel]].<ref name=ucl.ac.uk>{{cite web|title=Hebrew - UCL|url=http://www.ucl.ac.uk/clie/learning-resources/sac/hebrew|work=[[University College London]]|accessdate=2 November 2013}}</ref> The [[United States]] has the second largest Hebrew speaking population, with about 221,593 fluent speakers,<ref name="2009 survey">{{Citation|url=http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/cats/population/ancestry_language_spoken_at_home.html|title=Table 53. Languages Spoken At Home by Language: 2009|work=The 2012 Statistical Abstract|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|accessdate=2011-12-27}}</ref> mostly from Israel.