Lingua choctaw

A lingua choctaw é unha lingua da familia muskogee tradicionalmente falada polo pobo nativo americano choctaw, do sueste dos Estados Unidos. Malia que o chickasaw é clasificado coma un dialecto do choctaw, un estudo máis exhaustivo do chickasaw demostrou que son linguas diferentes pero estreitamente relacionadas.

Choctaw Chahta
Falado en:	Estados Unidos
Rexións:	Sueste de Oklahoma e leste de Mississippi, Luisiana e Tennessee
Total de falantes:	9.600 (censo de 2015)
Familia:	Muskogee  Occidental   Choctaw
Códigos de lingua
ISO 639-1:	--
ISO 639-2:	cho
ISO 639-3:	cho
Mapa
Comparación da distribución do pobo choctaw orixinal e a actual Distribución dos falantes de choctaw en Oklahoma.
Status
O choctaw está clasificado como "vulnerable" polo Libro Vermello das Linguas Ameazadas da UNESCO

Ortografía

A escrita da lingua choctaw está baseada na versión inglesa do alfabeto latino e foi desenvolvido polo programa de civilización dos Estados Unidos a comezos do século XIX. Malia existir outras variación do alfabeto choctaw, as tres formas máis comúns son o de Byington (Orixinal), Byington/Swanton (Lingüístico), e o Moderno (Mississippi Choctaw).

Byington (Orixinal)

Alfabeto choctaw atopado en Chahta Holisso Ai Isht Ia Vmmona, anos 1800.

Byington/Swanton (Lingüístico)

Alfabeto lingüístico choctaw atopado no Choctaw Language Dictionary de Cyrus Byington, editado por John Swanton, 1909.

Moderno (Mississippi Choctaw)

Alfabeto moderno usado na actualidade.

Véxase tamén

Outros artigos

• Wikipedia en choctaw
• Locutores de claves choctaw

Bibliografía

• Broadwell, George Aaron. (2006). A Choctaw reference grammar. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press.
• Broadwell, George Aaron. (1991). "Speaker and self in Choctaw". International Journal of American Linguistics, 57, 411-425.
• Byington, Cyrus. (1915). A dictionary of the Choctaw language. J. R. Swanton & H. S. Halbert (Eds.). Bureau of American Ethnology bulletin 46. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. (Reprinted 1973 & 1978).
• Davies, William. (1986). Choctaw verb agreement and universal grammar." Reidel.
• Downing, Todd. (1974). Chahta anompa: An introduction to the Choctaw language (3rd ed.). Durant, OK: Choctaw Bilingual Education Program, Southeastern Oklahoma State University.
• Haag, Marcia e Willis, Henry. (2001). Choctaw Language & Culture: Chahta Anumpa, University of Oklahoma Press.
• Haag, Marcia e Fowler, Loretta. (2001). Chahta Anumpa: A Choctaw Tutorial CD-ROM, University of Oklahoma Press.
• Heath, Jeffrey. (1977). Choctaw cases. Proceedings of the Berkeley Linguistic Society, 3, 204-213.
• Heath, Jeffrey. (1980). Choctaw suppletive verbs and derivational morphology.
• Howard, Gregg; Eby, Richard; Jones, Charles G. (1991). Introduction to Choctaw: A primer for learning to speak, read and write the Choctaw language. Fayetteville, AR: VIP Pub.
• Jacob, Betty. (1980). Choctaw and Chickasaw. Abstract of paper delivered at the 1978 Muskogean conference. International Journal of American Linguistics, 46, 43.
• Jacob, Betty; Nicklas, Thurston Dale; & Spencer, Betty Lou. (1977). Introduction to Choctaw. Durant, OK: Choctaw Bilingual Education Program, Southeastern Oklahoma State University.
• Mithun, Marianne. (1999). The languages of Native North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); ISBN 0-521-29875-X.
• Munro, Pamela. (1987). Some morphological differences between Chickasaw and Choctaw. In P. Munro (Ed.), Muskogean linguistics (pp. 119–133). Los Angeles: University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Linguistics.
• Munro, Pamela (Ed.). (1987). Muskogean linguistics. UCLA occasional papers in linguistics (No. 6). Los Angeles: University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Linguistics.
• Nicklas, Thurston Dale. (1974). The elements of Choctaw. (Doctoral dissertation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor).
• Nicklas, Thurston Dale. (1975). Choctaw morphophonemics. In J. Crawford (Ed.), Studies in southeastern Indian languages (pp. 237–249). Athens: University of Georgia.
• Nicklas, Thurston Dale. (1979). Reference grammar of the Choctaw language. Durant, OK: Choctaw Bilingual Education Program, Southeastern Oklahoma State University.
• Pulte, William. (1975). The position of Chickasaw in Western Muskogean. In J. Crawford (Ed.), Studies in southeastern Indian languages (pp. 251–263). Athens: University of Georgia.
• Ulrich, Charles H. (1986). Choctaw morphophonology. (Doctoral dissertation, University of California, Los Angeles).
• Ulrich, Charles H. (1987). Choctaw g-grades and y-grades. En P. Munro (Ed.), Muskogean linguistics (pp. 171–178). Los Angeles: University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Linguistics.
• Ulrich, Charles H. (1987). Choctaw verb grades and the nature of syllabification. In A. Bosch, B. Need, & E. Schiller (Eds.), Papers from the 23rd annual regional meeting. Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society.
• Ulrich, Charles H. (1988). The morphophonology of Choctaw verb roots and valence suffixes. En W. Shipley (Ed.), In honor of Mary Haas: From the Haas Festival conference on Native American linguistics (pp. 805–818). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. ISBN

Ligazóns externas

• Gramática da lingua choctaw
• English and Choctaw Definer
• Dicionario Inglés-Choctaw
• Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians
• Nación Choctaw de Oklahoma
• Choctaw