Hector Berlioz: Diferenzas entre revisións

Berlioz wasera largelyen apoliticalgran parte apolítico, ande neithernon supportedapoiou nornin opposedse theopuxo á [[JulyRevolución Revolution]] ofde 1830,|Revolución butde whenXullo]] itde broke out he[[1830]], foundmais himselfcando inestopou theencontrábase middleno ofmedio itdela. HeRelatou recordedos eventsfeitos innas hissúas ''Mémoires'':

TheA cantata wasera ''La Mort de Sardanapale'', withcoa whichque hegañou won theo Prix de Rome. HisA entrysúa theparticipación previouso year,ano anterior con ''Cléopâtre'', hadatraéra attracteda disapprovaldesaprobación fromdos thexuíces judgesporque becausepara toos highlymúsicos conservativealtamente musiciansconservadores itporque "betrayeddelataba dangeroustendencias tendenciesperigosas", ande forpara hisa súa participación de 1830 offeringmodificou hecoidadosamente carefullyo modifiedseu hisestilo natural stylepara toconseguir meeta officialaprobación approvaloficial.<ref name=grove/> DuringDurante theo samemesmo yearano heescribiu wrote thea ''SymphonieSinfonía fantastiquefantástica'' ande becamecomprometeuse engagedpara to be marriedcasar.<ref name=bxvi>{{Harvnp|Bloom (|2000), |p. =xvi</ref>}}

[[FileFicheiro:Marie-Moke- Pleyel Litho.jpgJPG|thumb|upright=0.7|alt=drawing of young white woman, with short dark hair, in plain early 19th century dressminiatura|[[Marie Pleyel|Marie ("Camille") Moke]], laterposteriormente Pleyel.]]

ByAo nowretroceder recoilingda fromsúa hisobsesión obsession withpor Smithson, Berlioz fellnamorouse indunha lovepianista with ade nineteen-year-old19 pianistanos, [[Marie Pleyel|Marie ("Camille") Moke]]. HisOs feelingsseus weresentimentos reciprocatederan recíprocos, ande thea coupleparella plannedplaneou to be marriedcasar.<ref>{{Harvnp|Barzun, |1956|p. =98</ref>}} InEn Decemberdecembro Berlioz organisedorganizou aun concertconcerto atno whichque these estreou a ''SymphonieSinfonía fantastiquefantástica'' was premiered. ProtractedUn aplauso applauseprolongado followedseguiu theá performanceinterpretación, ande theas pressrecensións reviewsda expressedprensa bothexpresaron thetanto shocko andimpacto thecomo pleasureo theplacer workque hadprovocara givena obra.<ref>{{Harvnp|Barzun, |1956|p. =107</ref>}} O Berlioz'sbiógrafo biographerde Berlioz [[David Cairns (writerescritor)|David Cairns]] callsdefiniu theo concertconcerto acomo landmarkun notfito, onlynon insó thena composer'scarreira careerdo butcompositor insenón thetamén evolutionna ofevolución theda modernorquestra orchestramoderna.<ref>{{Harvnp|Cairns (|2000), |p. =426</ref>}} [[Franz Liszt]] wasencontrábase amongentre thoseas attendingpersoas theque concert;asistiron thisao wasconcerto; theeste beginningfoi ofo aprincipio longdunha friendshiplonga amizade. Posteriormente Liszt latertranscribiu transcribedao thepiano entiretoda a ''SymphonieSinfonía fantastiquefantástica'' forpara pianoque toa enablepuideran moreescoltar peoplemáis to hear itpersoas.<ref>{{Harvnp|Kregor, |2010|pp. =43–46</ref>}}

ShortlyPouco afterdespois thedo concertconcerto Berlioz setmarchou off fora ItalyItalia: undersegundo theos termstermos of thedo Prix de RomeRoome, winnersos studiedgañadores forestudiaban twodurante yearsdoos atanos thena [[Villa Medici]], thea [[FrenchAcademia AcademyFrancesa inen RomeRoma]]. Within three weeksÁs oftres hissemanas arrivalda hesúa wentchegada absentausentose withoutsen leavepermiso: heenterárase had learntde thatque Marie hadrompera brokeno offseu theircompromiso engagemente andía wascasar tocun marrypretendente anmaior oldere andmáis richer suitorrico, [[Camille Pleyel]], theo heirheredeiro toda theempresa construtora de pianos [[Pleyel et Cie|Pleyel]] piano manufacturing company.<ref>{{Harvnp|Evans, |1957|p. =27</ref>}} Berlioz madecreou anun elaborateelaborado planplano topara killmatar thema bothambos (ande herá mothersúa nai, knowncoñecida topor himel ascomo "l'hippopotame"),<ref>{{Harvnp|Cairns (|2000), |p. =422</ref>}} ande acquiredadquiriu poisonsvelenos, pistolspistolas ande aun disguisedisfraz forpara theo purpose.<refseu namepropósito.{{Harvnp|Holoman|1989|pp=h115/>115–116}} ByCando thechegou time he reacheda [[NiceNiza]] onna hissúa journeyviaxe toa ParisParís herecapacitou thoughtsobre bettero ofseu the schemeplano, abandonedabandonou thea idea ofde revengevenganza, ande successfullyconsegiu soughtpermiso permissionpara topara returnregresar to theá Villa Medici.<ref name{{Harvnp|Evans|1957|pp=e28/>28–29}}{{refn|group=lower-alpha|Berlioz madetomou lightá oflixeira theo episodeepisodio innas hissúas ''Mémoires'', butmais itclaramente clearlydeixou leftunha aprofunda deepcicatriz emotional scar,<ref name=b554>emocional.{{Hravnp|Berlioz, |1970|p. =554: notenota byde David Cairns</ref> although events showed that he may have had a lucky escape: within five years of marrying Marie, Camille Pleyel left her and publicly denounced her scandalous conduct and persistent infidelity.<ref name=h115>Holoman (1989), pp. 115–116</ref><ref name=b554/>|group= n}}}} HePermaneceu stayedunhas forsemanas aen fewNiza weekse inescribiu Niceo andsúa wrote hisabertura ''[[OverturesAberturas byde Hector Berlioz#Le Roi Lear|KingRei Lear]]'' overture. OnNo thecamiño wayde backregreso toa RomeRoma hecomezou begana worktraballar on anunha pieceobra forpara narratornarrador, solovoces voicessolistas, choruscoro ande orchestraorquestra, ''[[Lélio|Le Retour à la vie]]'' (Theen Return[[Lingua togalega|galego]] Life''O regreso á vida'', laterposteriormente renamedrenomeada ''Lélio''), aunha sequelsecuela to theda ''SymphonieSinfonía fantastiquefantástica''.<ref name{{Harvnp|Evans|1957|pp=e28/>28–29}}

[[FileFicheiro:Berlioz young.jpg|thumbminiatura|upright=0.7|left|alt=painting of young white man with abundant curly brown hair and side-whiskers, wearing bright red cravatesquerda|Berlioz whencando aestudaba student at thena [[Villa Medici]], 1832.]]

BerliozNon tookgozou littlemoito pleasuredo inseu histempo time inen RomeRoma. HisOs colleaguesseus atcompañeiros thena Villa Medici, underbaixo theiro benevolentseu principalbenevolente director [[Horace Vernet]], madedéronlle hima welcomebenvida,<ref>{{Harvnp|Barzun, |1956|p. =113</ref>}} ande hegozou enjoyeddas hissúas meetingsreunións withcon [[Felix Mendelssohn]], whoque wasestaba visitingde thevisita cityna cidade,{{refn|group=lower-alpha|O gusto de Berlioz's likingpola formúsica de Mendelssohn's musicnon wasfoi not reciprocatedrecíproco: theeste latterúltimo madenon noocultou secreta ofsúa hisopinión opinionde thatque Berlioz lackedcarecía talentde talento.<ref>{{Harvnp|Barzun, |1956|p. =118</ref>|group= n}}}} butmais heencontrou foundRoma Romede distastefulmal gusto: "thea mostcidade stupidmáis andestúpida prosaice cityprosaica Ique knowcoñezo; itnon isé noun placelugar forpara anyonealguén withcon headcabeza orou heart.corazón".<ref name=grove/> NonethelessCon todo, ItalyItalia hadtivo anunha importantimportante influenceinfluencia onno hisseu developmentdesenvolvemento. HeVisitou visitedmoitas manypartes partsdurante ofa itsúa duringestadía his residency inen RomeRoma. Macdonald commentscomenta thatque afterdespois hisdo timeseu theretempo alí, Berlioz hadtiña "aunha newnova colourcor ande glowbrillo inna hissúa musicmúsica&nbsp;... sensuoussensual ande vivaciousvivaz"&nbsp;– derivedderivado notnon fromda Italianpintura paintingitaliana, inna whichque henon wasestaba uninterestedinteresado, orou Italiana music,música whichitaliana, heque despiseddespreciaba, butsenón frompola "thepaisaxe scenerye ando the sunsol, ande fromdende hiso acuteseu senseagudo ofsentido localede lugar".<ref name=grove/> Macdonald identifiesidentifica ''[[Harold en Italie|Harold in Italy]]'', ''[[Benvenuto Cellini (operaópera)|Benvenuto Cellini]]'' ande ''[[Roméo et Juliette (Berlioz)|Roméo et Juliette]]'' como as theexpresións mostmáis obviousobvias expressionsda ofsúa hisresposta responsea to ItalyItalia, ande addsengade thatque ''[[Les Troyens]]'' ande ''[[Béatrice et Bénédict]]'' "reflectreflicten thecalidez warmthe andquietude stillnessdo of the MediterraneanMediterráneo, asasí wellcomo asa itssúa vivacityvivacidade ande forceforza".<ref name=grove/> O propio Berlioz himselfescribiu wrote thatque ''Harold in Italy'' drewbaseou-se onnas "thelembranzas poeticpoéticas memoriesformadas formeda frompartir mydos wanderingsmeus invagabundeos polos [[Abruzzo|AbruzziAbruzzos]]".<ref name=b225>{{Harvnp|Berlioz, |1970|p. =225</ref>}}

Vernet agreedaceptou toa solicitude de Berlioz's requestde toque bese allowedlle topermitira leavesaír theda Villa Medici beforeantes thede endfinalizar ofa hissúa two-yearestadía termde dous anos. HeedingSeguindo Vernet'so adviceconsello thatde itVernet wouldde beque prudentsería toprudente delayatrasar hiso returnseu toretorno a ParisParís, whereonde theas Conservatoireautoridades authoritiesdo mightConservatorio bepodían lessser indulgentmenos aboutindulxentes hisen prematurerelación endingcoa ofprematura hisfinalización studiesdos seus estudos, hefixo madeunha arelaxada leisurelyviaxe journeyde backregreso, detouringdesviándose viapor La Côte-Saint-André topara seever hisá familysúa familia. HeDeixou leftRoma Romeen inmaio Mayde [[1832]] ande arrivedchegou ina ParisParís inen Novembernovembro.<ref>{{Harvnp|Barzun, |1956|p. =125; and }}{{Harvnp|Evans, |1957|p. =28</ref>}}