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A fourteenth virus has been described.<ref name=Gheit2017>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gheit T, Dutta S, Oliver J, Robitaille A, Hampras S, Combes JD, McKay-Chopin S, Le Calvez-Kelm F, Fenske N, Cherpelis B, Giuliano AR, Franceschi S, McKay J, Rollison DE, Tommasino M | title = Isolation and characterization of a novel putative human polyomavirus | journal = Virology | volume = 506 | issue = | pages = 45–54 | year = 2017 | pmid = 28342387 | doi = 10.1016/j.virol.2017.03.007 }}</ref> Lyon IARC polyomavirus is related to raccoon polyomavirus.
=== Lista dos poliomavirus humanos ===
===List of human polyomaviruses===
TheEn following2017 14identificáranse polyomavirusesos withseguintes human14 hostspoliomavirus hadque beenteñen identifiedcomo andhóspede hados theirhumanos [[genome]]se sequencedo asseu ofxenoma 2017foi secuenciado:<ref name=Polyomaviridae2016 />
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! data-sort-type="number" | SpeciesEspecie !! ProposedXénero genusproposto !! VirusNome namedo virus !! AbbreviationAbreviatura !! [[National Center for Biotechnology Information|NCBI]] RefSeq !! YearAno ofde discoverydescubrimento !! ClinicalCorrelato correlateclínico (ifse anyhai) !! ReferencesReferencias
|-
| {{sort|5|''Human polyomavirus 5''}} || AlphaAlfa || [[Merkelpoliomavirus cellde polyomaviruscélula de Merkel]] || MCPyV || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_010277 NC_010277] || 2008 || [[Merkelcancro cellde cancercélula de Merkel]]<ref name=decaprio /> || <ref name="Merkel">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/18/health/research/18virus.html |title=Virus Is Linked to a Powerful Skin Cancer |work=The New York Times |accessdate=2008-01-18 |date=2008-01-18 |first=Lawreence K. |last=Altman | name-list-format = vanc }}</ref><ref name="Feng_2008"/><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Shuda M, Arora R, Kwun HJ, Feng H, Sarid R, Fernández-Figueras MT, Tolstov Y, Gjoerup O, Mansukhani MM, Swerdlow SH, Chaudhary PM, Kirkwood JM, Nalesnik MA, Kant JA, Weiss LM, Moore PS, Chang Y | title = Human Merkel cell polyomavirus infection I. MCV T antigen expression in Merkel cell carcinoma, lymphoid tissues and lymphoid tumors | journal = International Journal of Cancer | volume = 125 | issue = 6 | pages = 1243–9 | date = September 2009 | pmid = 19499546 | doi = 10.1002/ijc.24510 | pmc = 6388400 }}</ref>
|-
| {{sort|8|''Human polyomavirus 8''}} || AlphaAlfa || [[poliomavirus de Trichodysplasia spinulosa polyomavirus]] || TSPyV || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_014361 NC_014361] || 2010 || [[Trichodysplasia spinulosa]]<ref name=decaprio /> || <ref name="vdm">{{cite journal | vauthors = van der Meijden E, Janssens RW, Lauber C, Bouwes Bavinck JN, Gorbalenya AE, Feltkamp MC | title = Discovery of a new human polyomavirus associated with trichodysplasia spinulosa in an immunocompromized patient | journal = PLOS Pathogens | volume = 6 | issue = 7 | pages = e1001024 | date = July 2010 | pmid = 20686659 | pmc = 2912394 | doi = 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001024 }}</ref><ref name="kazem">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kazem S, van der Meijden E, Feltkamp MC | title = The trichodysplasia spinulosa-associated polyomavirus: virological background and clinical implications | journal = [[APMIS]] | volume = 121 | issue = 8 | pages = 770–82 | date = August 2013 | pmid = 23593936 | doi = 10.1111/apm.12092 }}</ref>
|-
| {{sort|9|''Human polyomavirus 9''}} || AlphaAlfa || [[Humanpoliomavirus polyomavirushumano 9]] || HPyV9 || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_015150 NC_015150] || 2011 || NoneNingún knowncoñecido || <ref name="scuda">{{cite journal | vauthors = Scuda N, Hofmann J, Calvignac-Spencer S, Ruprecht K, Liman P, Kühn J, Hengel H, Ehlers B | title = A novel human polyomavirus closely related to the african green monkey-derived lymphotropic polyomavirus | journal = Journal of Virology | volume = 85 | issue = 9 | pages = 4586–90 | date = May 2011 | pmid = 21307194 | pmc = 3126223 | doi = 10.1128/jvi.02602-10 }}</ref>
|-
| {{sort|12|''Human polyomavirus 12''}} || AlphaAlfa || [[Humanpoliomavirus polyomavirushumano 12]] || HPyV12 || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_020890 NC_020890] || 2013 || NoneNingún knowncoñecido || <ref name=Korup2013>{{cite journal | vauthors = Korup S, Rietscher J, Calvignac-Spencer S, Trusch F, Hofmann J, Moens U, Sauer I, Voigt S, Schmuck R, Ehlers B | title = Identification of a novel human polyomavirus in organs of the gastrointestinal tract | journal = PLOS One | volume = 8 | issue = 3 | pages = e58021 | year = 2013 | pmid = 23516426 | pmc = 3596337 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0058021 | bibcode = 2013PLoSO...858021K }}</ref>
|-
| {{sort|13|''Human polyomavirus 13''}} || AlphaAlfa || [[poliomavirus de New Jersey polyomavirus]] || NJPyV || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_024118 NC_024118] || 2014 || NoneNingún knowncoñecido || <ref name="mishra">{{cite journal | vauthors = Mishra N, Pereira M, Rhodes RH, An P, Pipas JM, Jain K, Kapoor A, Briese T, Faust PL, Lipkin WI | title = Identification of a novel polyomavirus in a pancreatic transplant recipient with retinal blindness and vasculitic myopathy | journal = The Journal of Infectious Diseases | volume = 210 | issue = 10 | pages = 1595–9 | date = November 2014 | pmid = 24795478 | pmc = 4334791 | doi = 10.1093/infdis/jiu250 }}</ref>
|-
| {{sort|1|''Human polyomavirus 1''}} || Beta || [[BKpoliomavirus polyomavirusBK]] || BKPyV || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_001538 NC_001538] || 1971 || Polyomavirus-associated [[nephropathyNefropatía]] asociada a poliomavirus; [[haemorrhagiccistite cystitishemorráxica]]<ref name=decaprio /> || <ref name="gardner">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gardner SD, Field AM, Coleman DV, Hulme B | title = New human papovavirus (B.K.) isolated from urine after renal transplantation | journal = Lancet | volume = 1 | issue = 7712 | pages = 1253–7 | date = June 1971 | pmid = 4104714 | doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)91776-4 }}</ref>
|-
| {{sort|2|''Human polyomavirus 2''}} || Beta || [[JCpoliomavirus polyomavirusJC]] || JCPyV || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_001699 NC_001699] || 1971 || [[Progressiveleucoencefalopatía multifocal leukoencephalopathyprogresiva]]<ref name=decaprio /> || <ref name="padgett">{{cite journal | vauthors = Padgett BL, Walker DL, ZuRhein GM, Eckroade RJ, Dessel BH | title = Cultivation of papova-like virus from human brain with progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy | journal = Lancet | volume = 1 | issue = 7712 | pages = 1257–60 | date = June 1971 | pmid = 4104715 | doi = 10.1016/S0140-6736(71)91777-6 }}</ref>
|-
| {{sort|3|''Human polyomavirus 3''}} || Beta || [[KIpoliomavirus polyomavirusKI]] || KIPyV || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_009238 NC_009238] || 2007 || NoneNingún knowncoñecido || <ref name="Allander">{{cite journal | vauthors = Allander T, Andreasson K, Gupta S, Bjerkner A, Bogdanovic G, Persson MA, Dalianis T, Ramqvist T, Andersson B | title = Identification of a third human polyomavirus | journal = Journal of Virology | volume = 81 | issue = 8 | pages = 4130–6 | date = April 2007 | pmid = 17287263 | pmc = 1866148 | doi = 10.1128/JVI.00028-07 }}</ref>
|-
| {{sort|4|''Human polyomavirus 4''}} || Beta || [[WUpoliomavirus polyomavirusWU]] || WUPyV || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_009539 NC_009539] || 2007 || NoneNingún knowncoñecido || <ref name="pmid17480120"/>
|-
| {{sort|6|''Human polyomavirus 6''}} || Delta || [[Humanpoliomavirus polyomavirushumano 6]] || HPyV6 || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_014406 NC_014406] || 2010 || HPyV6dermatose associateddisqueratótica pruritice andprurítica dyskeratoticasociada dermatosisa HPyV6 (H6PD)<ref name="nguyen_2016">{{cite journal | vauthors = Nguyen KD, Lee EE, Yue Y, Stork J, Pock L, North JP, Vandergriff T, Cockerell C, Hosler GA, Pastrana DV, Buck CB, Wang RC | title = Human polyomavirus 6 and 7 are associated with pruritic and dyskeratotic dermatoses | journal = Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology | volume = 76 | issue = 5 | pages = 932–940.e3 | date = May 2017 | pmid = 28040372 | pmc = 5392424 | doi = 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.11.035 | url = https://zenodo.org/record/995723 }}</ref> || <ref name=schowalter>{{cite journal | vauthors = Schowalter RM, Pastrana DV, Pumphrey KA, Moyer AL, Buck CB | title = Merkel cell polyomavirus and two previously unknown polyomaviruses are chronically shed from human skin | journal = Cell Host & Microbe | volume = 7 | issue = 6 | pages = 509–15 | date = June 2010 | pmid = 20542254 | pmc = 2919322 | doi = 10.1016/j.chom.2010.05.006 }}</ref>
|-
| {{sort|7|''Human polyomavirus 7''}} || Delta || [[Humanpoliomavirus polyomavirushumano 7]] || HPyV7 || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_014407 NC_014407] || 2010 || HPyV7-relatedHiperplasia epithelialepitelial hyperplasiarelacionada con HPyV7<ref name="nguyen_2016" /><ref name="ho_2015">{{cite journal | vauthors = Ho J, Jedrych JJ, Feng H, Natalie AA, Grandinetti L, Mirvish E, Crespo MM, Yadav D, Fasanella KE, Proksell S, Kuan SF, Pastrana DV, Buck CB, Shuda Y, Moore PS, Chang Y | title = Human polyomavirus 7-associated pruritic rash and viremia in transplant recipients | journal = The Journal of Infectious Diseases | volume = 211 | issue = 10 | pages = 1560–5 | date = May 2015 | pmid = 25231015 | pmc = 4425822 | doi = 10.1093/infdis/jiu524 }}</ref><ref name="toptan_2016">{{cite journal | vauthors = Toptan T, Yousem SA, Ho J, Matsushima Y, Stabile LP, Fernández-Figueras MT, Bhargava R, Ryo A, Moore PS, Chang Y | title = Survey for human polyomaviruses in cancer | journal = JCI Insight | volume = 1 | issue = 2 | date = February 2016 | pmid = 27034991 | pmc = 4811373 | doi = 10.1172/jci.insight.85562 }}</ref>|| <ref name=schowalter />
|-
| {{sort|10|''Human polyomavirus 10''}} || Delta || [[MWpoliomavirus polyomavirusMW]] || MWPyV || [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_018102 NC_018102] || 2012 || NoneNingún knowncoñecido || <ref name=Siebrasse2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Siebrasse EA, Reyes A, Lim ES, Zhao G, Mkakosya RS, Manary MJ, Gordon JI, Wang D | title = Identification of MW polyomavirus, a novel polyomavirus in human stool | journal = Journal of Virology | volume = 86 | issue = 19 | pages = 10321–6 | date = October 2012 | pmid = 22740408 | pmc = 3457274 | doi = 10.1128/JVI.01210-12 }}</ref><ref name=Buck2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Buck CB, Phan GQ, Raiji MT, Murphy PM, McDermott DH, McBride AA | title = Complete genome sequence of a tenth human polyomavirus | journal = Journal of Virology | volume = 86 | issue = 19 | pages = 10887 | date = October 2012 | pmid = 22966183 | pmc = 3457262 | doi = 10.1128/JVI.01690-12 }}</ref><ref name=Yu2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = Yu G, Greninger AL, Isa P, Phan TG, Martínez MA, de la Luz Sanchez M, Contreras JF, Santos-Preciado JI, Parsonnet J, Miller S, DeRisi JL, Delwart E, Arias CF, Chiu CY | title = Discovery of a novel polyomavirus in acute diarrheal samples from children | journal = PLOS One | volume = 7 | issue = 11 | pages = e49449 | year = 2012 | pmid = 23166671 | pmc = 3498111 | doi = 10.1371/journal.pone.0049449 | bibcode = 2012PLoSO...749449Y }}</ref>
|-
| {{sort|11|''Human polyomavirus 11''}} || Delta || [[STLpoliomavirus polyomavirusSTL]] ||STLPyV|| [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_020106 NC_020106] || 2013 || NoneNingún knowncoñecido || <ref name="Lim2013">{{cite journal | vauthors = Lim ES, Reyes A, Antonio M, Saha D, Ikumapayi UN, Adeyemi M, Stine OC, Skelton R, Brennan DC, Mkakosya RS, Manary MJ, Gordon JI, Wang D | title = Discovery of STL polyomavirus, a polyomavirus of ancestral recombinant origin that encodes a unique T antigen by alternative splicing | journal = Virology | volume = 436 | issue = 2 | pages = 295–303 | date = February 2013 | pmid = 23276405 | pmc = 3693558 | doi = 10.1016/j.virol.2012.12.005 }}</ref>
|-
|''Humanpoliomavirus polyomavirushumano 14''
| AlphaAlfa
|poliomavirus Lyon IARC polyomavirus
|LIPyV
|[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NC_034253.1 NC_034253.1]
|2017
|Ningúncoñecido
|None known
|<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Gheit|first=Tarik|last2=Dutta|first2=Sankhadeep|last3=Oliver|first3=Javier|last4=Robitaille|first4=Alexis|last5=Hampras|first5=Shalaka|last6=Combes|first6=Jean-Damien|last7=McKay-Chopin|first7=Sandrine|last8=Calvez-Kelm|first8=Florence Le|last9=Fenske|first9=Neil|title=Isolation and characterization of a novel putative human polyomavirus|journal=Virology|volume=506|pages=45–54|doi=10.1016/j.virol.2017.03.007|pmid=28342387|year=2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 30328951 | doi=10.6061/clinics/2018/e558s | volume=73 | title=Human polyomaviruses and cancer: an overview | pmc=6157077 | year=2018 | journal=Clinics (Sao Paulo) | page=e558s | vauthors=Prado JC, Monezi TA, Amorim AT, Lino V, Paladino A, Boccardo E| issue=suppl 1 }}</ref>
|-
The JC virus offers a promising genetic marker for human evolution and migration.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Elizabeth Matisoo-Smith |author2=K. Ann Horsburgh |title=DNA for Archaeologists |publisher=Routledge |date=2012 |isbn=978-1598746815}}</ref> It is carried by 70–90 percent of humans and is usually transmitted from parents to offspring. This method does not appear to be reliable for tracing the [[Recent African origin of modern humans#Pathogen DNA|recent African origin of modern humans]].
-->
== Historia ==
O [[poliomavirus murino]] foi o primeiro poliomavirus que se descubriu, grazas a [[Ludwik Gross]] en 1953, que informou del como un extracto de [[leucemia]] de rato con capacidade de inducir tumores de [[glándula parótide]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gross L | title = A filterable agent, recovered from Ak leukemic extracts, causing salivary gland carcinomas in C3H mice | journal = Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine | volume = 83 | issue = 2 | pages = 414–21 | date = June 1953 | pmid = 13064287 | doi = 10.3181/00379727-83-20376 }}</ref> O axente causante foi identificado como virus por [[Sarah Stewart (investigadora)|Sarah Stewart]] e [[Bernice Eddy]], e en honra delas foi denominado durante un tempo "polioma SE", coas súas iniciais.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Stewart SE, Eddy BE, Borgese N | title = Neoplasms in mice inoculated with a tumor agent carried in tissue culture | journal = Journal of the National Cancer Institute | volume = 20 | issue = 6 | pages = 1223–43 | date = June 1958 | pmid = 13549981 | doi=10.1093/jnci/20.6.1223}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Eddy BE, Stewart SE | title = Characteristics of the SE polyoma virus | journal = American Journal of Public Health and the Nation's Health | volume = 49 | issue = 11 | pages = 1486–92 | date = November 1959 | pmid = 13819251 | pmc = 1373056 | doi = 10.2105/AJPH.49.11.1486 }}</ref><ref name=pathology>{{cite journal | vauthors = Schowalter RM, Pastrana DV, Buck CB | title = Glycosaminoglycans and sialylated glycans sequentially facilitate Merkel cell polyomavirus infectious entry | journal = PLOS Pathogens | volume = 7 | issue = 7 | pages = e1002161 | date = July 2011 | pmid = 21829355 | doi = 10.1371/journal.ppat.1002161 | pmc=3145800}}</ref> O termo "polioma" refírese á capacidade do virus de producir múltiples (poli-) tumores (-oma) en cdertas condicións. O nome foi despois criticado como un "sándwich lingüístico sen carne" ("sen carne" porque anbos os [[morfema]]s no termo "polioma" son afixos) que daba pouca información sobre a bioloxía do virusy; de feito, investigacións posteriores atoparon que a maioría dos poliomaviruses raramente causan enfermidades clinicamente significativas nos seus organismos hóspedces en condicións naturais.<ref name="gottlieb">{{cite journal | vauthors = Gottlieb KA, Villarreal LP | title = Natural biology of polyomavirus middle T antigen | journal = Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews | volume = 65 | issue = 2 | pages = 288–318; segunda e terceira páxinas, táboa de contidos | date = June 2001 | pmid = 11381103 | pmc = 99028 | doi = 10.1128/mmbr.65.2.288-318.2001 }}</ref>
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