Polyomaviridae: Diferenzas entre revisións
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=== Antíxenos tumorais (T) ===
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TO [[antíxeno tumoral grande]] xoga un papel clave na regulación do ciclo de vida viral ao unirse á orixe viral da replicación do ADN, onde promove a síntese de ADN.
The [[small tumor antigen]] protein is also able to activate several cellular pathways that stimulate cell proliferation. Polyomavirus small T antigens commonly target protein phosphatase 2A ([[PP2A]]),<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Pallas DC, Shahrik LK, Martin BL, Jaspers S, Miller TB, Brautigan DL, Roberts TM | title = Polyoma small and middle T antigens and SV40 small t antigen form stable complexes with protein phosphatase 2A | journal = Cell | volume = 60 | issue = 1 | pages = 167–76 | date = January 1990 | pmid = 2153055 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90726-u }}</ref> a key multisubunit regulator of multiple pathways including [[Akt]], the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, and the stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) pathway.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Sontag E, Fedorov S, Kamibayashi C, Robbins D, Cobb M, Mumby M | title = The interaction of SV40 small tumor antigen with protein phosphatase 2A stimulates the map kinase pathway and induces cell proliferation | journal = Cell | volume = 75 | issue = 5 | pages = 887–97 | date = December 1993 | pmid = 8252625 | doi = 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90533-V | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Watanabe G, Howe A, Lee RJ, Albanese C, Shu IW, Karnezis AN, Zon L, Kyriakis J, Rundell K, Pestell RG | title = Induction of cyclin D1 by simian virus 40 small tumor antigen | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 93 | issue = 23 | pages = 12861–6 | date = November 1996 | pmid = 8917510 | pmc = 24011 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.93.23.12861 | bibcode = 1996PNAS...9312861W }}</ref> [[Merkel cell polyomavirus]] small T antigen encodes a unique domain, called the LT-stabilization domain (LSD), that binds to and inhibits the [[FBXW7]] [[E3 ligase]] regulating both cellular and viral oncoproteins.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kwun HJ, Shuda M, Feng H, Camacho CJ, Moore PS, Chang Y | title = Merkel cell polyomavirus small T antigen controls viral replication and oncoprotein expression by targeting the cellular ubiquitin ligase SCFFbw7 | journal = Cell Host & Microbe | volume = 14 | issue = 2 | pages = 125–35 | date = August 2013 | pmid = 23954152 | pmc = 3764649 | doi = 10.1016/j.chom.2013.06.008 }}</ref> Unlike for SV40, the MCV small T antigen directly transforms rodent cells in vitro.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Shuda M, Kwun HJ, Feng H, Chang Y, Moore PS | title = Human Merkel cell polyomavirus small T antigen is an oncoprotein targeting the 4E-BP1 translation regulator | journal = The Journal of Clinical Investigation | volume = 121 | issue = 9 | pages = 3623–34 | date = September 2011 | pmid = 21841310 | pmc = 3163959 | doi = 10.1172/JCI46323 }}</ref>
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