Gobind Singh: Diferenzas entre revisións

'''Guru Gobind Singh''' (|gʊɾuː goːbɪn̯d̯ᵊ sɪ́ŋgᵊ|), nado como '''Gobind Rai''' en [[Patna]] o [[5 de xaneiro]] de [[1666]] e finado en [[Hazur Sahib]] o [[7 de outubro]] de [[1708]],<ref name=eos>{{cita web |url=http://www.learnpunjabi.org/eos/index.aspx |title=GOBIND SINGH, GURU (1666-1708) |last=Ganda Singh |website=Encyclopaedia of Sikhism |publisher=Punjabi University Patiala |access-date=7 de marzo de 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170729230458/http://www.learnpunjabi.org/eos/index.aspx |archivedate=29 de xullo de 2017}}</ref><ref name=colesambhip36>{{cita libro| last = Owen Cole| first = William|author2=Piara Singh Sambhi | title = The Sikhs: Their Religious Beliefs and Practice| publisher = Sussex Academic Press| year = 1995| page = 36}}</ref> foi o décimo gurú [[sikhismo|sikh]], mestre espiritual, guerreiro, poeta e filósofo [[India|indio]]. Cando o seu pai, [[Guru Tegh Bahadur]], foi decapitado por rexeitar converterse ao islam,<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/people/teghbahadur.shtml Guru Tegh Bahadur] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170414075330/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/people/teghbahadur.shtml |date=14 de abril de 2017 }} BBC Religions (2009)</ref><ref>{{cita libro|nome=Everett|apelidos=Jenkins, Jr.|title=The Muslim Diaspora (Volume 2, 1500-1799): A Comprehensive Chronology of the Spread of Islam in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kSYkCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA200 |year=2000|publisher=McFarland|isbn=978-1-4766-0889-1 |pages=200 }}</ref> Guru Gobind Singh instalouse formalmente como o líder dos sikhs aos nove anos.<ref>{{cita libro|nome=Jon|apelidos= Mayled|title=Sikhism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H9jKt0dLz1IC |year=2002|publisher=Heinemann|isbn=978-0-435-33627-1|page=12}}</ref> Os seus catro fillos morreron mentres Singh aínda vivía, dous en batalla e dous executados polo exército [[Imperio Mogol|mogol]].<ref>{{cita libro|nome1=Chris|apelidos1= Seiple|nome2=Dennis|apelidos2= Hoover|nome3=Pauletta|apelidos3= Otis|title=The Routledge Handbook of Religion and Security|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u48rUnVEHbEC&pg=PA93 |year=2013|publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-415-66744-9 |pages=93 }}</ref><ref>{{cita libro|nome=John F. |apelidos=Richards|title=The Mughal Empire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HHyVh29gy4QC |year=1995|publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-56603-2 |pages=255–258 }}</ref><ref>{{cita publicación periódica|title=The Sikh Review|journal=Sikh Cultural Centre|date=1972|volume=20|issue=218-229|page=28}}</ref><ref>{{cita libro|nome=Hardip|apelidos= Singh Syan|title=Sikh Militancy in the Seventeenth Century: Religious Violence in Mughal and Early Modern India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9RzzxcEL4C0C |year=2013|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=978-1-78076-250-0 |pages=218–222 }}</ref>

Entre as súas contribucióna ao [[sikhismo]] están a fundación da comunidade de guerreiros sikh chamada ''[[Khalsa]]'' en 1699<ref name="MandairShackle2013p25">{{cita libro|nome1=Arvind-Pal|apelidos1= Singh Mandair |nome2=Christopher|apelidos2= Shackle|nome3=Gurharpal|apelidos3= Singh |title=Sikh Religion, Culture and Ethnicity|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D8xdAgAAQBAJ |year=2013|publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-84627-4 |pages=25–28 }}</ref><ref name="BBC">{{cita web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/people/gobindsingh.shtml|title=BBC Religions - Sikhism|publisher=BBC|date=26 de outubro de 2009|accessdate=30 de xullo de 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110123020041/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/people/gobindsingh.shtml|archivedate=23 de xaneiro de 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cita libro|nome=P.|apelidos= Dhavan|title=When Sparrows Became Hawks: The Making of the Sikh Warrior Tradition, 1699-1799|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-7HJ5idB8_QC&pg=PA45 |year=2011|publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-975655-1 |pages=3–4 }}</ref> e a introdución dasdos ''[[asos cinco K|cinco K]]'', os cinco artigos de fe que os sikhs khalsa levaban nesa época. Gobind Singh tamén continuou coa formalización da relixión, escribiu importantes textos relixiosos<ref>Singh, Patwant; (2000). The Sikhs. Alfred A Knopf Publishing. Pages 17. {{ISBN|0-375-40728-6}}.</ref><ref>{{cita web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/people/nanak.shtml|title=A Biography of Guru Guru Nanak on BBC|publisher=BBC|accessdate=30 de decembro de 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111018113544/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/sikhism/people/nanak.shtml|archivedate=18 de outubro de 2011}}</ref> e consagrou a [[Guru Granth Sahib]] como [[gurú]] eterno do sikhismo.<ref name=shelke199>{{cita libro|nome=Christopher|apelidos=Shelke|title=Divine covenant: rainbow of religions and cultures|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rmr71DjRNV8C |year=2009|publisher=Gregorian Press |isbn=978-88-7839-143-7 |pages=199 }}</ref>

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