Sealand: Diferenzas entre revisións
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Liña 22:
| goberno =
| dirixentes_títulos = Principe
| dirixentes_nomes = [[Michael Bates (Sealand)|Michael Bates]]<ref name="summitofmicronations">{{Cita web |url=http://www.muu.fi/amorph03/downloads/pdfs/principality_of_sealand.pdf |title=Information on the Principality of Sealand including Bates Family, GDP, Constitution |format=PDF |website=Artists' Association MUU |publisher=Amorph Summit of Micronations |accessdate=13 de novembro de 2007 |archive-url
| fundación = Declaración
| fundación_datas = 2 de setembro de 1967<ref name="summitofmicronations"/>
Liña 47:
| IDH_posto =
| IDH_categoría =
| moeda = [[Dólar silándico]]<br />{{small|(pegged to the [[United States dollar|USD]])<ref name="summitofmicronations2">{{Cita web |url=http://www.muu.fi/amorph03/downloads/pdfs/principality_of_sealand.pdf |title=Information on the Principality of Sealand including Bates Family, GDP, Constitution |format=PDF |website=Artists' Association MUU |publisher=Amorph Summit of Micronations |accessdate=22 de xuño de 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141015085734/http://www.muu.fi/amorph03/downloads/pdfs/principality_of_sealand.pdf |archivedate=15 de outubro de 2014 |df= |urlmorta=si }}</ref>}}
| moeda_símbolo =
| moeda_iso =
Liña 89:
O 2 de setembro de 1967, o forte foi ocupado polo maior [[Paddy Roy Bates]], un ciudadan británico e locutor de radio pirata que expulsou a un grupo competidor de radio pirata.<ref name="Micronations">{{Cita libro |title=Micronations |first1=John |last1=Ryan |first2=George |last2=Dunford |first3=Simon |last3=Sellars |publisher=Lonely Planet |year=2006 |isbn=1-74104-730-7 |page=9}}</ref> Bates pretendía transmitir a súa estación de radio pirata, chamada Radio Essex, desde a plataforma.<ref name="Gould1966">{{Cita novas |last=Gould |first=Jack |date=25 de marzo de 1966 |title=Radio: British Commercial Broadcasters Are at Sea; Illegal {{not a typo|Programs}} Are Beamed From Ships |work=The New York Times |access-date=19 de decembro de 2015 |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E06E6DC1E39E735A75756C2A9659C946791D6CF |subscription=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222170906/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9E06E6DC1E39E735A75756C2A9659C946791D6CF |archive-date=22 de decembro de 2015 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Malia ter o equipo necesario, nunca comezou a transmitir.<ref name="Essex">Edwards, Chris; Parkes, James (19 outubro 2000). [http://www.offshoreechos.com/forts/radio_essex.htm "Radio Essex" and "Britains Better Music Station"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140917092141/http://www.offshoreechos.com/forts/radio_essex.htm |date=17 de setembro de 2014 }}. Off Shore Echoes. Retrieved 11 de maio de 2011</ref> Bates declarou a independencia de Roughs Tower e chamouno Principado de Sealand.<ref name="Essex"/>.<ref name="Micronations"/>
En 1968, os operarios británicos entraron no que Bates afirmaba ser as súas [[augas territoriais]] para atender unha boia de navegación preto da plataforma. Michael Bates (fillo de Paddy Roy Bates) intentou asustar aos traballadores facendo disparos de advertencia desde o ex-forte. Como Bates era un súbdito británico nesa época, foi citadopor un tribunal en Inglaterra por acusacións de tenecia de armas de fogo tralo incidente.<ref>{{Cita novas |title=Welcome to Sealand. Now Bugger Off |url=https://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.07/haven.html |publisher=Wired News |date=xullo 2000 |accessdate=11 de novembro de 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080430153926/http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.07/haven.html |archive-date=30 de abril de 2008 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Pero como o tribunal decidiu que a plataforma (que Bates agora chamaba "Sealand") estaba fóra dos límites territoriais británicos, estando fóra das 3 millas náuticas do límite das augas territoriais do país, o caso non procedía.<ref>''Regina v. Paddy Roy Bates and Michael Roy Bates'', The Shire Hall, Chelmsford, 25 de outubro de 1968. {{Cita web |url=http://www.seanhastings.com/havenco/sealand/judgement.html |title=Regina v. Paddy Roy Bates and Michael Roy Bates |publisher=The Shire Hall, Chelmsford |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070302111533/http://www.seanhastings.com/havenco/sealand/judgement.html |archivedate=
{{anchor|Flag}} {{áncora | Bandeira}}
En 1975, Bates presentou unha constitución para Sealand, seguida dunha [[bandeira nacional]], un [[himno nacional]], unha [[moeda]] e [[pasaporte]]s.
Liña 104:
En 1997, a familia Bates revogou todos os pasaportes de Sealand, incluídos os que eles mesmos emitiran nos últimos 22 anos.<ref name="LP11"/> Pensaban que tiñan uns 150.000 en circulación.<ref name="sealandgov.org"/>
Na tarde do 23 de xuño de 2006, a plataforma superior da Roughs Tower incendiouse debido a un fallo eléctrico. Un helicóptero de rescate da Royal Air Force transferiu unha persoa ao hospital de Ipswich, directamente da torre. O remolcador de rescate Harwich colocouse a beira da Roughs Tower ata que un remolcador local extinguiu o lume.<ref>{{Cita novas |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/5110244.stm |title=Blaze at offshore military fort |publisher=BBC |date=23 de xuño de 2006 |accessdate=15 de xuño de 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120530054922/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/5110244.stm |archive-date=30 de maio de 012 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Todos os danos foron reparados en novembro de 2006.<ref>{{Cita web |url=http://www.churchandeast.co.uk/Sealand%20update%204.html |title=Church and East renovation completion |archive-date=
Roy Bates morreu aos 91 anos o 9 de outubro de 2012; sufría de [[Alzheimer]] durante varios anos. Sucedeuno o seu fillo Michael.<ref>{{Cita web |url=http://www.sealandgov.org/_blog/Sealand_News/post/Prince_Roy_of_Sealand_aka_Roy_Bates_(passed_away_9th_October_2012_Obituary)/ |title=Prince Roy of Sealand aka Roy Bates (passed away 9th October 2012) Obituary |publisher=sealandgov.org |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130112225256/http://www.sealandgov.org/_blog/Sealand_News/post/Prince_Roy_of_Sealand_aka_Roy_Bates_(passed_away_9th_October_2012_Obituary)/ |archivedate=12 de xaneiro de 2013 |data-acceso=10 de setembro de 2018 |urlmorta=si }}</ref><ref>{{Cita novas |first=William |last=Yardley |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/14/world/europe/roy-bates-founder-of-sealand-dies-at-91.html |title=Roy Bates, Bigger-Than-Life Founder of a Micronation, Dies at 91 |newspaper=The New York Times |date=13 de outubro de 2012 |accessdate=13 de outubro de 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121013183850/http://www.nytimes.com/2012/10/14/world/europe/roy-bates-founder-of-sealand-dies-at-91.html |archive-date=13 de outubro de 2012 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{Cita novas |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/prince-roy-of-sealand-dies-aged-91/story-e6frg6so-1226493436329 |title='Prince Roy of Sealand' dies, aged 91 |newspaper=The Australian |location=Sydney |date=11 de outubro de 2012 |accessdate=11 de outubro de 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121011100005/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/world/prince-roy-of-sealand-dies-aged-91/story-e6frg6so-1226493436329 |archive-date=11 de outubro de 2012 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{Cita novas |first=Sonia |last=Van Gilder Cooke |url=http://newsfeed.time.com/2012/10/12/rip-paddy-roy-bates-the-prince-of-sealand/ |title=RIP Paddy Roy Bates, the Prince of Sealand |work=Time |location=New York |date=12 de outubro de 2012 |accessdate=12 de outubro de 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121015182331/http://newsfeed.time.com/2012/10/12/rip-paddy-roy-bates-the-prince-of-sealand/ |archive-date=15 de outubro de 2012 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{Cita novas |first=Elaine |last=Woo |url=http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-roy-bates-20121014,0,2434057.story |title=Prince Roy Bates dies at 91; adventuring monarch of Sealand |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=14 de outubro de 2012 |accessdate=14 de outubro de 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121014034239/http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-roy-bates-20121014,0,2434057.story |archive-date=14 de outubro de 2012 |dead-url=no |df=dmy-all }}</ref> [[Joan Bates]] morreu nun asilo de anciáns de Essex aos 86 anos o 10 de marzo de 2016.<ref>{{Cita web|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3493073/The-Princess-Sealand-kingdom-North-Sea-platform-dies-aged-86.html|title=Self-proclaimed ruler of world's smallest independent state dies|publisher=|access-date=17 de marzo de 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317071101/http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3493073/The-Princess-Sealand-kingdom-North-Sea-platform-dies-aged-86.html|archive-date=17 de marzo de 2016|dead-url=no|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
== Notas ==
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