|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------->
== Morte (1327) ==
===Burial and cult===
[[Ficheiro:Edward ll tomb - geograph.org.uk - 1704667.jpg|miniatura|alt=Photograph of Edward's tomb|Edward II's tomb at [[Gloucester Cathedral]]]]
Edward's body was [[Embalming|embalmed]] at Berkeley Castle, where it was viewed by local leaders from Bristol and Gloucester.<ref>{{harvnb|Burden|2004|p=16}}</ref> It was then taken to [[Gloucester Abbey]] on 21 October, and on 20 December Edward was buried by the [[high altar]], the funeral having probably been delayed to allow Edward III to attend in person.<ref>{{harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=118}}; {{harvnb|Burden|2004|pp=18–19}}</ref>{{refn|The historian Joel Burden notes that this delay in burial was not unusual for the period; the bodies of many other royalty, including Edward I and Isabella of France, remained unburied for a similar period.<ref>{{harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=118}}</ref>|group="nb"}} Gloucester was probably chosen because other abbeys had refused or been forbidden to take the King's body, and because it was close to Berkeley.<ref>{{harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=118}}; {{harvnb|Burden|2004|p=19}}; {{harvnb|Haines|2003|pp=228–229}}</ref>{{refn|Although it was normal for Westminster Abbey to be used to bury English monarchs by the 14th century, the practice was not as formalised as it later became.<ref>{{harvnb|Burden|2004|p=20}}</ref>|group="nb"}} The funeral was a grand affair and cost £351 in total, complete with gilt lions, standards painted with [[gold leaf]] and oak barriers to manage the anticipated crowds.<ref>{{harvnb|Burden|2004|pp=16–17, 25}}</ref> Edward III's government probably hoped to put a veneer of normality over the recent political events, increasing the legitimacy of the young King's own reign.<ref>{{harvnb|Burden|2004|pp=25–27}}</ref>
A temporary wooden [[effigy]] with a copper crown was made for the funeral; this is the first known use of a funeral effigy in England, and was probably necessary because of the condition of the King's body, which had been dead for three months.<ref>{{harvnb|Duffy|2003|pp=106, 119}}; {{harvnb|Burden|2004|p=21}}</ref> Edward's heart was removed, placed in a silver container, and later buried with Isabella at [[Christ Church Greyfriars|Newgate Church]] in London.<ref>{{harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=119}}</ref> His tomb includes a very early example of an English [[alabaster]] effigy, with a [[Chest tomb|tomb-chest]] and a canopy made of [[oolite]] and [[Purbeck stone]].<ref name=Duffy2003PP119GloucesterWebsite>{{harvnb|Duffy|2003|pp=119, 122}}; {{Cita web | url=http://www.gloucestercathedral.org.uk/index.php?page=edward-ii-tomb | title=Edward II Tomb|mode=cs2 | accessdate=22 April 2014 | publisher=Gloucester Cathedral | year = 2014 }}</ref> Edward was buried in the shirt, [[coif]] and gloves from his coronation, and his effigy depicts him as king, holding a [[sceptre]] and [[Globus cruciger|orb]], and wearing a strawberry-leaf crown.<ref>{{harvnb|Duffy|2003|pp=106, 119}}</ref> The effigy features a pronounced lower lip, and may be a close likeness of Edward.<ref>{{harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=121}}</ref>{{refn|Earlier scholarship had argued that the effigy on the tomb was an idealised carving, although more recent work has put more emphasis on its likely resemblance to Edward II.<ref>{{harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=121}}; {{harvnb|Haines|2003|p=229}}</ref>|group="nb"}}
The King's tomb rapidly became a popular site for visitors, probably encouraged by the local monks, who lacked an existing pilgrimage attraction.<ref>{{harvnb|Duffy|2003|pp=119, 122}}; {{harvnb|Ormrod|2004|pp=177–178}}.</ref> Visitors donated extensively to the abbey, allowing the monks to rebuild much of the surrounding church in the 1330s.<ref name=Duffy2003PP119GloucesterWebsite/> Miracles reportedly took place at the tomb, and modifications had to be made to enable visitors to walk around it in larger numbers.<ref>{{harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=122}}; {{Cita web | url=http://www.gloucestercathedral.org.uk/index.php?page=edward-ii-tomb | title=Edward II Tomb|mode=cs2 | accessdate=22 April 2014 | publisher=Gloucester Cathedral | year = 2014 }}</ref> The chronicler [[Geoffrey the Baker|Geoffrey de Baker]] depicted Edward as a saintly, tortured [[martyr]], and [[Richard II of England|Richard II]] gave royal support for an unsuccessful bid to have Edward [[Canonization|canonised]] in 1395.<ref>{{harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=122}}; {{harvnb|Ormrod|2004|p=179}}</ref> The tomb was opened by officials in 1855, uncovering a wooden coffin, still in good condition, and a sealed lead coffin inside it.<ref>{{harvnb|Duffy|2003|p=123}}; {{harvnb|Haines|2003|p=232}}</ref> The tomb remains in what is now [[Gloucester Cathedral]], and was extensively restored between 2007 and 2008 at a cost of over £100,000.<ref>{{Cita web | url=http://www.the-tls.co.uk/tls/reviews/history/article750063.ece | title=Edward II Tomb|mode=cs2 | accessdate=22 April 2014 | publisher=Gloucester Cathedral | year = 2014 }}</ref>
{{Anchor|Controversial death}}
===Controversies===
|
