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Usuario:AMPERIO/Páxina de Probas: Diferenzas entre revisións

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NO BORRAR LO DE ARRIBA, ES LA CABECERA DE LA PÁGINA
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==Mid-reign Anos intermedios de reinado (1311–1321)==
===Death ofMorte de Gaveston ===▼
 
▲===Death of Gaveston===
Tensions between Edward and the barons remained high, and the earls opposed to the King kept their personal armies mobilised late into 1311.<ref>{{harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=182}}</ref> By now Edward had become estranged from his cousin, the Earl of Lancaster, who held the earldoms of Lancaster, [[Earl of Leicester|Leicester]], Lincoln, [[Earl of Salisbury|Salisbury]] and [[Earl of Derby|Derby]], with an income of around £11,000 a year from his lands, almost double that of the next wealthiest baron.<ref>{{harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=152, 174–175}}</ref> Backed by the earls of [[Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel|Arundel]], [[Gilbert de Clare, 8th Earl of Gloucester|Gloucester]], [[Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford|Hereford]], [[Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke|Pembroke]] and [[Guy de Beauchamp, 10th Earl of Warwick|Warwick]], Lancaster led a powerful faction in England, but he was not personally interested in practical administration, nor was he a particularly imaginative or effective politician.<ref>{{harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=182, 276}}; {{harvnb|Prestwich|2003|p=77}}; {{harvnb|Haines|2003|pp=82–83, 87, 95}}</ref>
 
Edward responded to the baronial threat by revoking the Ordinances and recalling Gaveston to England, being reunited with him at York in January 1312.<ref>{{harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=182–184}}</ref> The barons were furious and met in London, where Gaveston was excommunicated by the Archbishop of Canterbury and plans were put in place to capture Gaveston and prevent him from fleeing to Scotland.<ref>{{harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=184–185}}; {{harvnb|Chaplais|1994|p=82}}</ref> Edward, Isabella and Gaveston left for Newcastle, pursued by Lancaster and his followers.<ref>{{harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=186–187}}</ref> Abandoning many of their belongings, the royal party fled by ship and landed at [[Scarborough, North Yorkshire|Scarborough]], where Gaveston stayed while Edward and Isabella returned to York.<ref>{{harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=187}}</ref> After a short siege, Gaveston surrendered to the earls of Pembroke and [[John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey|Surrey]], on the promise that he would not be harmed.<ref>{{harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=187–188}}</ref> He had with him a huge collection of gold, silver and gems, probably part of the royal treasury, which he was later accused of having stolen from Edward.<ref>{{harvnb|Hamilton|1991|pp=202–204}}</ref>
 
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