Usuario:AMPERIO/Páxina de Probas: Diferenzas entre revisións

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== Primeiros anos (1284–1307) ==
=== Piers Gaveston e a sexualidade ===
Alternatively, Edward and Gaveston may have simply been friends with a close working relationship.<ref>{{harvnb|Rubin|2006|pp=31}}</ref> Contemporary [[chronicler]] comments are vaguely worded; Orleton's allegations were at least in part politically motivated, and are very similar to the highly politicised sodomy allegations made against Pope [[Boniface VIII]] and the [[Knights Templar]] in 1303 and 1308 respectively.<ref>{{harvnb|Mortimer|2006|pp=51–53}}</ref> Later accounts by chroniclers of Edward's activities may trace back to Orleton's original allegations, and were certainly adversely coloured by the events at the end of Edward's reign.<ref>{{harvnb|Mortimer|2006|p=52}}; {{harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=102}}</ref> Such historians as Michael Prestwich and [[J. R. S. Phillips|Seymour Phillips]] have argued that the public nature of the English royal court would have made it unlikely that any homosexual affairs would have remained discreet; neither the contemporary Church, Edward's father nor his father-in-law appear to have made any adverse comments about Edward's sexual behaviour.<ref>{{harvnb|Prestwich|2006|pp=70–71}}; {{harvnb|Chaplais|1994|p=9}}; {{harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=99}}</ref>
 
A more recent theory, proposed by the historian Pierre Chaplais, suggests that Edward and Gaveston entered into a bond of [[blood brother|adoptive brotherhood]].<ref>{{harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=100}}; {{harvnb|Chaplais|1994|pp=11–13}}</ref> Compacts of adoptive brotherhood, in which the participants pledged to support each other in a form of "brotherhood-in-arms", were not unknown between close male friends in the Middle Ages.<ref>{{harvnb|Chaplais|1994|pp=14–19}}</ref> Many chroniclers described Edward and Gaveston's relationship as one of brotherhood, and one explicitly noted that Edward had taken Gaveston as his adopted brother.<ref>{{harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=102}}</ref> Chaplais argues that the pair may have made a formal compact in either 1300 or 1301, and that they would have seen any later promises they made to separate or to leave each other as having been made under duress, and therefore invalid.<ref>{{harvnb|Chaplais|1994|pp=20–22.}}</ref> Such a compact, however, might not have excluded their relationship from having a sexual dimension as well.<ref name="Prestwich 2003 72"/>
 
== Primeiros anos de reinado (1307–1311)==
=== Coroación e matrimonio ===