Factor V de Leiden: Diferenzas entre revisións
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== Epidemioloxía ==
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Studies have found that about 5 percent of Caucasians in North America have factor V Leiden. Data have indicated that prevalence of factor V Leiden is greater among Caucasians than minority Americans.<ref>Ridker, ''et al.'' "Ethnic distribution of factor V Leiden in 4047 men and women". ''Supra''.</ref><ref>Gregg, ''et al.'' "Prevalence of the factor V-Leiden mutation in four distinct American ethnic populations". ''Supra''.</ref> One study also suggested "that the factor V‐Leiden mutation segregates in populations with significant Caucasian admixture and is rare in genetically distant non‐European groups."<ref>''Id.''</ref> ▼
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Up to 30 percent of patients who present with [[deep vein thrombosis]] (DVT) or [[pulmonary embolism]] have this condition. The risk of developing a clot in a blood vessel depends on whether a person inherits one or two copies of the factor V Leiden mutation. Inheriting one copy of the mutation from a parent ([[heterozygous]]) increases by fourfold to eightfold the chance of developing a clot. People who inherit two copies of the mutation ([[homozygous]]), one from each parent, may have up to 80 times the usual risk of developing this type of blood clot.<ref>What do we know about heredity and factor V Leiden thrombophilia? http://www.genome.gov/15015167#Q5</ref> Considering that the risk of developing an abnormal blood clot averages about 1 in 1,000 per year in the general population, the presence of one copy of the factor V Leiden mutation increases that risk to between 4 in 1,000 to 8 in 1,000. Having two copies of the mutation may raise the risk as high as 80 in 1,000. It is unclear whether these individuals are at increased risk for ''recurrent'' venous thrombosis. While only 1 percent of people with factor V Leiden have two copies of the defective gene, these [[homozygous]] individuals have a more severe clinical condition. The presence of acquired risk factors for venous thrombosis—including [[tobacco smoking|smoking]], use of estrogen-containing (combined) forms of [[hormonal contraception]], and recent [[surgery]]—further increase the chance that an individual with the factor V Leiden mutation will develop DVT.
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