Factor V de Leiden: Diferenzas entre revisións

Contido eliminado Contido engadido
Miguelferig (conversa | contribucións)
Miguelferig (conversa | contribucións)
Liña 24:
 
== Diagnóstico ==
<!--
Suspicion of factor V Leiden being the cause for any thrombotic event should be considered in any Caucasian patient below the age of 45, or in any person with a family history of venous thrombosis.
 
A sospeita de que o factor V de Leiden é a causa subxacente dun episodio trombótico debe considerarse en pacientes caucasianos de menos de 45 anos ou en calquera persoa con antecedentes familiares de trombose venosa.
There are a few different methods by which this condition can be diagnosed. Most laboratories screen 'at risk' patients with either a snake venom (e.g. [[dilute Russell's viper venom time]]) based test or an [[aPTT]] based test. In both methods, the time it takes for blood to clot is decreased in the presence of the factor V Leiden mutation. This is done by running two tests simultaneously; one test is run in the presence of activated [[protein C]] (APC) and the other, in the absence. A ratio is determined based on the two tests and the results signify to the laboratory whether APC is working or not.
 
Hai varios métodos para diagnosticar esta condición. A maioría dos laboratorios fan cribados en pacientes 'en risco' cunha proba baseada no veleno de serpe (por exemplo, mediando o [[tempo de veleno de víbora de Russell diluída]]) ou ben unha proba de [[tempo de tromboplastina parcial activada]]. En ambos os métodos, o tempo que tarda en caogular o sangue diminúe en presenza da mutación do factor V de Leiden. Isto faise realizando simultaneamente dúas probas; unha proba faise en presenza de proteína C activada e a outra, na súa ausencia. Determínase unha proporción bseada nestas dúas probas e o resultado indica se a APC está funcionando ou non.
There is also a genetic test that can be done for this disorder. The mutation (a 1691G→A substitution) removes a cleavage site of the [[restriction endonuclease]] ''MnlI'', so [[PCR]], treatment with ''MnlI'', and then [[DNA electrophoresis]] will give a diagnosis. Other PCR based assays such as iPLEX can also identify zygosity and frequency of the variant.{{Citation needed|reason=This statement needs to be verified|date=April 2018}}
 
Existe tamén unha proba xenética que pode aplicarse. A mutación (unha substitución 1691G→A) elimina un sitio de clivaxe da [[endonuclease de restrición]] ''MnlI'', polo que facendo unha [[PCR]], un tratamento con ''MnlI'' e despois unha [[electroforese de ADN]] pode obterse un diagnóstico. Outros ensaios baseados en PCR como iPLEX poden identificar igualmente a [[cigosidade]] e a frecuencia da variante.<ref>Mari Tinholt, Marte Kathrine Viken, Anders Erik Dahm, Hans Kristian Moen Vollan, Kristine Kleivi Sahlberg, Øystein Garred, Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale, Anne Flem Jacobsen, Vessela Kristensen, Ida Bukholm, Rolf Kåresen, Ellen Schlichting, Grethe Skretting, Benedicte Alexandra Lie, Per Morten Sandset, e Nina Iversen. Increased coagulation activity and genetic polymorphisms in the F5, F10 and EPCR genes are associated with breast cancer: a case-control study. BMC Cancer. 2014; 14: 845. Publicado en liña o19 de novembro de 2014. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-845. PMCID: PMC4251949. PMID 25407022.</ref>
 
== Tratamento ==
Liña 35:
 
== Epidemioloxía ==
<!--
Studies have found that about 5 percent of Caucasians in North America have factor V Leiden. Data have indicated that prevalence of factor V Leiden is greater among Caucasians than minority Americans.<ref>Ridker, ''et al.'' "Ethnic distribution of factor V Leiden in 4047 men and women". ''Supra''.</ref><ref>Gregg, ''et al.'' "Prevalence of the factor V-Leiden mutation in four distinct American ethnic populations". ''Supra''.</ref> One study also suggested "that the factor V‐Leiden mutation segregates in populations with significant Caucasian admixture and is rare in genetically distant non‐European groups."<ref>''Id.''</ref>