Pobo lenape: Diferenzas entre revisións
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Liña 3:
Os '''lenape''', tamén chamados '''lenni lenape''' e '''delaware''',<ref name="AmHeritageBk">{{cita enciclopedia |ano=1961 |enciclopedia=,|localización= |id= |título=The American Heritage Book of Indians |autor=Editor: Alvin M. Josephy, Jr., by The editors of American Heritage Magazine|páxinas = 180-211|editor=American Heritage Publishing Co., Inc.|lccn=61-14871}}</ref> son un [[pobos indíxenas de América|pobo indíxena]], que viven no Canadá e nos Estados Unidos.<ref name=p422/> Tamén son chamados '''indios delaware'''<ref name=josephy/> e o seu territorio tradicional incluía o actual estado de [[Nova Jersey]] e o leste de [[Pensilvania]] a carón da [[conca fluvial]] do [[río Delaware]], a cidade de [[Nova York]], o oeste de [[Long Island]] e o val Hudson.
O sistema de [[parentesco]] lenape eran os clans matrilineais, é dicir, os nenos pertencían ó clan da nai, a partir do cal eles gañaban o seu status social e a súa identidade. O irmán maior da nai era máis significativo como mentor do neno que o seu propio pai, que polo xeral era doutro clan. O liderado hereditario transmitíase a través de liña materna,<ref name="AmHeritageBk"/> e as mulleres maiores podían quitar do poder os líderes que desaprobaban. A terra agrícola era xestionada polas mulleres e asignada segundo as necesidades de subsistencia das súas familias extensas. As familias eran [[matrilocal|matrilocais]]; as parellas
Durante as [[guerras dos Castores]] da primeira metade do século XVII, os colonos europeos foron coidadosos en evitar que as armas de fogo caesen en mans dos lenape,<ref name="AmHeritageBk"/> mentres que os seus rivais [[Linguas iroquesas|iroqueses]], como os [[susquehannock]]s e a [[Pobos iroqueses|Confederación dos Iroqueses]] estaban comparativamente mellor armados.<ref>Both the Iroquois and Susquehannocks had trade relations with Europeans and access to extensive river systems hosting beaver colonies—the most coveted furs for Europeans. This gave them access to firearms and made them militarily powerful. For example, over a decade, the Susquehannocks, who'd allied with [[New Sweden|Swedish Colonists]], fought a declared war with the [[Province of Maryland]]. By mid-century, they'd subjected the Delaware and so well armed they were much feared by surrounding tribes.</ref> Subsequently, the Lenape became subjugated and made tributary to first the Susquehannocks, then the Iroquois, even needing their rivals' (superiors') agreement to initiate treaties such as land sales.<ref name="AmHeritageBk"/> Like most tribes, Lenape communities were weakened by newly introduced diseases originating in Europe, mainly [[smallpox]] but also cholera, influenza and dysentery, and recurrent violent racial conflict with Europeans. [[Iroquoian people]]s occasionally fought the Lenape. As the 18th century progressed, many surviving Lenape moved west—into the (relatively empty){{efn
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