Sal común: Diferenzas entre revisións

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Banjo (conversa | contribucións)
Banjo (conversa | contribucións)
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Liña 1:
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{{Outroshomónimos|Sal}}
[[File:Laesoe Saltsyderi 2011 ubt-3.JPG|thumb|Sal]]
Liña 74:
==Usos non alimentarios==
So un 6% do sal manufacturado no mundo utilízase como alimento. O 12% emprégase en procesos de acondicionamento de augas, o 8% para o desxeo de [[autoestrada]]s e o 6% na [[agricultura]]. O 68% restante utilízase en procesos de manufacturas e procesos industriais<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.maldonsalt.co.uk/About-Salt-The-many-uses-of-Salt.html |title=The many uses of salt |publisher=Maldon Salt Company |accessdate=10 October 2013}}</ref> principalmente en forma de cloruro de sodio. O uso máis habitual é na produción de [[sosa cáustica]] e [[cloro]], separados por [[electrólise]] dunha solución pura de sal. A súa vez estes produtos empréganse na manufactura de [[policloruro de vinilo]], [[plástico]]s, [[celulosa]] e outros compostos orgánicos e inorgánicos. O sal utilízase tamén coma [[Fundición (industria)|fundente]] na produción de [[aluminio]], na manufactura de [[xabón]]s, [[glicerina]] e [[caucho sintético]] entre outros.<ref name=WASG>{{cite web |url=http://www.wasalt.com.au/SaltUses.html |title=Salt uses |publisher=WA Salt Group |accessdate=10 de outubro de 2013 |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20131011054052/http://www.wasalt.com.au/SaltUses.html |archivedate= 11 de outubro de 2013 }}</ref> A maiores destes usos o sal está involucrado noutros procesos, incluíndo o seu uso coma mordente na tintura de [[textil|textís]], na rexeneración de [[resina]]s, no [[curtido]] de peles, na preservación de carne e pescado e no [[envasado]] de carne e vexetais.<ref name=WASG/><ref name=IHS>{{cite web |url=http://www.ihs.com/products/chemical/planning/ceh/sodium-chloride.aspx |title=Sodium chloride |date=1 de decembro de 2008 |publisher=IHS Chemical |accessdate=12 de marzo de 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Kostick |first=Dennis S. |url=http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/salt/myb1-2010-salt.pdf |title=Salt |date=1 November 2011 |work=2010 Minerals Yearbook |publisher=U.S. Geological Survey |accessdate=12 de marzo de 2013}}</ref>
 
==Papel na relixión==
<!-- [[File:Russian bread and salt.jpg|thumb|[[Bread and salt]] at a Russian wedding ceremony]]
Salt has long held an important place in religion and culture. At the time of [[Historical Vedic religion|Brahmanic]] sacrifices, in [[Hittites|Hittite]] rituals and during festivals held by [[Semitic people|Semites]] and Greeks at the time of the [[new moon]], salt was thrown into a fire where it produced crackling noises.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bookrags.com/research/salt-eorl-12/ |title=Research article: Salt |work=Encyclopedia of Religion |accessdate=13 October 2013}}</ref> The ancient Egyptians, Greeks and Romans invoked their gods with offerings of salt and water and some people think this to be the origin of [[Holy Water]] in the Christian faith.<ref name="ReferenceA"/> In [[Aztec]] mythology, [[Huixtocihuatl]] was a fertility goddess who presided over salt and salt water.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amoxtli.org/cuezali/festivals.html |title=The Aztec Festivals: Toxcatl (Dryness) |last=Quipoloa |first=J. |year=2007 |work=The Aztec Gateway |accessdate=18 March 2013}}</ref>
 
Salt is considered to be a very auspicious substance in [[Hinduism]] and is used in particular religious ceremonies like house-warmings and weddings.<ref name=Gray>{{cite news |title=What Lies Beneath |last=Gray |first=Steven |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2001007,00.html |newspaper=Time Magazine |date=7 December 2010 |accessdate=13 March 2013}}</ref> In [[Jainism]], devotees lay an offering of raw rice with a pinch of salt before a deity to signify their devotion and salt is sprinkled on a person's cremated remains before the ashes are buried.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.finaljourneyseminars.com/?page_id=472 |title=The Final Journey: What to do when your loved one passes away |accessdate=12 March 2013}}</ref> Salt is believed to ward off evil spirits in [[Mahayana Buddhism|Mahayana Buddhist]] tradition, and when returning home from a [[funeral]], a pinch of salt is thrown over the left shoulder as this prevents evil spirits from entering the house.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cargill.com/salt/about/historyofsalt/religion/ |title=Religion: Chasing away evil spirits |work=History of salt |publisher=Cagill |accessdate=13 October 2013}}</ref> In [[Shinto]], salt is used for [[ritual purification]] of locations and people ([[harae]], specifically shubatsu), and small piles of salt are placed in dishes by the entrance of establishments for the two-fold purposes of warding off evil and attracting patrons.<ref>[http://japanesereligions.blogspot.com/2009/03/can-you-pass-salt-please.html Can you pass the salt, please?], Robert Camara, 30 March 2009</ref>
 
In the [[Hebrew Bible]], there are thirty-five verses which [[Salt in the Bible|mention salt]].<ref name=BLB>{{cite web |url=http://www.blueletterbible.org/search/translationResults.cfm?Criteria=salt&t=KJV |title=Dictionary and Word Search for '"salt"' in the KJV |date=1996–2013 |work=Blue Letter Bible |publisher= Sowing Circle |accessdate=13 March 2013}}</ref> One of these mentions [[Lot's wife]], who was turned into a pillar of salt when she looked back at the cities of [[Sodom and Gomorrah]] ([[Book of Genesis|Genesis]] 19:26) as they were destroyed. When the judge [[Abimelech (Judges)|Abimelech]] destroyed the city of [[Shechem]], he is said to have "[[salting the earth|sown salt]] on it," probably as a curse on anyone who would re-inhabit it (Judges 9:45). The [[Book of Job]] contains the first mention of salt as a condiment. "Can that which is unsavoury be eaten without salt? or is there any taste in the white of an egg?" (Job 6:6).<ref name=BLB/> In the [[New Testament]], six verses mention salt. In the [[Sermon on the Mount]], [[Jesus]] referred to his followers as the "[[Salt and Light|salt of the earth]]". [[Paul the Apostle|The apostle Paul]] also encouraged Christians to "let your conversation be always full of grace, seasoned with salt" (Colossians 4:6).<ref name=BLB/> Salt is mandatory in the rite of the [[Tridentine Mass]].<ref name=CE>[[Wikisource:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Salt]]</ref> Salt is used in the third item (which includes an [[Exorcism]]) of the Celtic Consecration (''cf.'' [[Gallican Rite]]) that is employed in the consecration of a church. Salt may be added to the water "where it is customary" in the Roman Catholic rite of Holy water.<ref name=CE/>
 
In [[Judaism]], it is recommended to have either a salty bread or to add salt to the bread if this bread is unsalted when doing [[Kiddush]] for [[Shabbat]]. It is customary to spread some salt over the bread or to dip the bread in a little salt when passing the bread around the table after the Kiddush.<ref>Naftali Silberberg [http://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/484194/jewish/Why-dip-in-salt.htm Why is the Challah dipped in salt before it is eaten?], Chabad.org</ref> To preserve the covenant between their people and God, Jews dip the [[Sabbath]] bread in salt.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite journal|title=10+1 Things you may not know about Salt |journal=Epikouria |year=2006 |volume=Fall/Winter |issue=3 |url=http://www.epikouria.com/issue3/article6-things.php |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080704055740/http://www.epikouria.com/issue3/article6-things.php |archivedate=4 July 2008 }}</ref>
 
In [[Wicca]], salt is symbolic of the element Earth. It is also believed to cleanse an area of harmful or negative energies. A dish of salt and a dish of water are almost always present on an [[altar]], and salt is used in a wide variety of rituals and ceremonies.<ref>{{cite book |title=Wicca: A Guide for the Solitary Practitioner |last=Cunningham |first=Scott |year=1989 |publisher=Llewellyn Worldwide |isbn=9780875421186 |pages=60, 63, 104, 113|url=https://books.google.com/?id=U3un43fTEOcC&pg=PR9&dq=Wicca+salt#v=onepage&q=Wicca%20salt&f=false }}</ref> -->
 
==Notas==