Sal común: Diferenzas entre revisións
Contido eliminado Contido engadido
Liña 61:
O consumo excesivo de sodio incrementa o risco de [[enfermidade cardiovascular|enfermidades cardiovasculares]],<ref name=CDC/> polo que son varias as organizacións de saúde que recomendan unha redución no consumo diario de sal.<ref name=CDC/><ref name=WHO2013/><ref name=He2013/><ref name="aha">{{cite web | url=http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/HealthyLiving/HealthyEating/Nutrition/Sodium-and-Salt_UCM_303290_Article.jsp#.V1jHedQrJkg | title=Sodium and salt | publisher=American Heart Association | date=2016 | accessdate=8 de xuño de 2016}}</ref> Un alto consumo de sodio asóciase cun maior risco de sufrir [[ictus]], enfermidade cardiovascular total e [[nefropatía]].<ref name=IOM2013/><ref name=Strazzullo>{{cite journal |last1= Strazzullo |first1=Pasquale |last2=D'Elia |first2=Lanfranco |last3=Kandala |first3=Ngianga-Bakwin |last4=Cappuccio |first4=Francesco P. |year=2009 |title=Salt intake, stroke, and cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of prospective studies |journal=British Medical Journal |volume=339 |issue=b4567 |pages=b4567 |doi=10.1136/bmj.b4567 |pmc=2782060 |pmid=19934192}}</ref> Unha redución neste consumo duns 1000 mg por día pode reducir o risco de enfermidade cardiovascular nun 30 %.<ref name=USDA2015>{{cite book|title=Scientific Report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee|date=2015|publisher=US Department of Agriculture|page=7|url=http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015-scientific-report/PDFs/Scientific-Report-of-the-2015-Dietary-Guidelines-Advisory-Committee.pdf}}</ref><ref name=CDC/> Nos adultos e nenos sen enfermidades agudas, unha diminución do consumo de sodio tamén axuda a reducir a [[presión arterial]],<ref name=He2013>{{cite journal|last1=He|first1=F. J.|last2=Li |first2=J. |last3=Macgregor |first3=G. A. |title=Effect of longer term modest salt reduction on blood pressure: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials.|journal=BMJ (Clinical research ed.)|date=3 de abril de 2013|volume=346|pages=f1325|pmid=23558162|doi=10.1136/bmj.f1325}}</ref><ref name=Abur2013>{{cite journal |last1=Aburto |first1=Nancy J. |last2=Ziolkovska |first2=Anna |last3=Hooper |first3=Lee |last4=Elliott |first4=Paul |last5=Cappuccio |first5=Francesco P. |last6=Meerpohl |first6=Joerg J. |display-authors=3 |year=2013 |title=Effect of lower sodium intake on health: systematic review and meta-analyses |journal=British Medical Journal |volume=346 |issue=f1326 |pages=f1326 |doi=10.1136/bmj.f1326 |pmid=23558163 |pmc=4816261}}</ref> dando como resultado unha mellora de saúde notable en persoas con problemas de [[Hipertensión arterial|hipertensión]].<ref name=Gra2011>{{cite journal|last1=Graudal|first1=N. A.|last2=Hubeck-Graudal |first2=T. |last3=Jurgens |first3=G. |title=Effects of low sodium diet versus high sodium diet on blood pressure, renin, aldosterone, catecholamines, cholesterol, and triglyceride.|journal=The Cochrane database of systematic reviews|date=9 de novembro de 2011|issue=11|pages=CD004022|pmid=22071811|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004022.pub3}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Adler|first1=A. J.|last2=Taylor|first2=F.|last3=Martin|first3=N.|last4=Gottlieb|first4=S.|last5=Taylor|first5=R. S.|last6=Ebrahim|first6=S.|title=Reduced dietary salt for the prevention of cardiovascular disease|journal=The Cochrane database of systematic reviews|date=18 de decembro de 2014|volume=12|issue=12|pages=CD009217|pmid=25519688|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD009217.pub3}}</ref>
A [[Organización Mundial da Saúde]] recomenda un consumo para adultos de menos de 2000 mg de sodio (contido en 5 g de sal) por día,<ref name=WHO2013>{{cite web |url=http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/notes/2013/salt_potassium_20130131/en/ |title=WHO issues new guidance on dietary salt and potassium |date=31 January 2013 |publisher=World Health Organization |accessdate=17 de outubro de 2013}}</ref> mentres que o Departamento de Saúde dos Estados Unidos recomenda que as persoas con hipertensión, os [[afroamericano]]s e os adultos de mediana idade en adiante deberían limitar o seu consumo a non máis de 1500 mg de sodio por día.<ref name=CDC/><ref name=Health.gov2010>{{cite book|title=Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010|date=2010|publisher=U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services|page=24|url=http://www.health.gov/dietaryguidelines/dga2010/DietaryGuidelines2010.pdf|accessdate=April 29, 2015|quote=African Americans, individuals with hypertension, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease and individuals ages 51 and older, comprise about half of the U.S. population ages 2 and older. While nearly everyone benefits from reducing their sodium intake, the blood pressure of these individuals tends to be even more responsive to the blood pressure-raising effects of sodium than others; therefore, they should reduce their intake to 1,500 mg per day.}}</ref> Un estudo de 2013 recomendou que o consumo de sodio non debería ser menor de 1200 mg (3 g de sal) por día, ó ser un nutriente esencial da dieta,<ref name=He2013/> mentres que o Instituto de Medicina das Academias Nacionais dos Estados Unidos indicou no 2013 que a
==Usos non alimentarios==
| |||