Linguas indíxenas de América: Diferenzas entre revisións

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Liña 1:
[[Ficheiro:Langs N.Amer.png|miniatura|350px|Distribución de familias lingüísticas ó Norte de México no intre de chegada dos europeos.]]
As '''linguas indíxenas de América''' ou '''linguas amerindias''' son todas aquelas linguas faladas en [[América]] antes da chegada de [[Cristovo Colón]] polos [[amerindios|amerindios norteamericanos]] e [[amerindios|amerindios suramericanos]]. Non corresponden a unha soa familia lingüística senón a unha agrupación xeográfica. Moitas extinguíronse ou foron substituídas polo [[Lingua castelá|español]], o [[Lingua portuguesa|portugués]], o [[Lingua francesa|francés]] e o [[Lingua inglesa|inglés]], as linguas dos colonizadores. Hoxe en día moitas linguas indíxenas deben loitar pola súa supervivencia e o seu recoñecemento, xa que están ligadas a culturas rurais, cunha forte [[diglosia]] e, moitas, sen o apoio da [[escritura]].
 
Constan de varias [[familias de linguas]], así como diversas [[lingua illada|linguas illadas]] e [[lingua non clasificada|non clasificadas]]. En varias ocasións propuxéronse grupos maiores de clasificación que hoxe en día non gardan consenso na comunidade científica. É sumamente dubidoso que se poida falar dunha soa familia chamada ''amerindia'', do mesma xeito que non existe unha familia de linguas papuana nin unha familia caucásica, senón que eses termos só fan referencia á xeografía.
Liña 22:
* Boas, Franz. (1929). Classification of American Indian languages. ''Language'', ''5'', 1-7.
* Boas, Franz. (1933). ''Handbook of American Indian languages'' (Vol. 3). Native American legal materials collection, title 1227. Glückstadt: J.J. Augustin.
* Bright, William. (1973). North American Indian language contact. In T. A. Sebeok (Ed.), ''Linguistics in North America'' (part 1, pp. 713-726 713–726). Current trends in linguistics (Vol. 10). The Hauge: Mouton.
* Bright, William. (1984). The classification of North American and Meso-American Indian languages. In W. Bright (Ed.), ''American Indian linguistics and literature'' (pp. 3-29 3–29). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
* Bright, William (Ed.). (1984). ''American Indian linguistics and literature''. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. ISBN 3-11-009846-6.
* Brinton, Daniel G. (1891). ''The American race''. New York: D. C. Hodges.
Liña 31:
* Goddard, Ives. (1999). ''Native languages and language families of North America'' (rev. and enlarged ed. with additions and corrections). [Map]. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press (Smithsonian Institute). (Updated version of the map in Goddard 1996). ISBN 0-8032-9271-6.
* Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (Ed.). (2005). ''Ethnologue: Languages of the world'' (15th ed.). Dallas, TX: SIL International. ISBN 1-55671-159-X. (Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com).
* Kaufman, Terrence. (1990). Language history in South America: What we know and how to know more. In D. L. Payne (Ed.), ''Amazonian linguistics: Studies in lowland South American languages'' (pp. 13-67 13–67). Austin: University of Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-70414-3.
* Kaufman, Terrence. (1994). The native languages of South America. In C. Mosley & R. E. Asher (Eds.), ''Atlas of the world's languages'' (pp. 46-76 46–76). London: Routledge.
* Key, Mary R. (1979). ''The grouping of South American languages''. Tübingen: Gunter Narr Verlag.
* Loukotka, Čestmír. (1968). ''Classification of South American Indian languages''. Los Angeles: Latin American Studies Center, University of California.
* Mason, J. Alden. (1950). The languages of South America. In J. Steward (Ed.), ''Handbook of South American Indians'' (Vol. 6, pp. 157-317 157–317). Smithsonian Institution Bureau of American Ethnology bulletin (No. 143). Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
* Migliazza, Ernest C.; & Campbell, Lyle. (1988). ''Panorama general de las lenguas indígenas en América''. Historia general de América (Vol. 10). Caracas: Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia.
* Mithun, Marianne. (1999). ''The languages of Native North America''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-23228-7 (hbk); ISBN 0-521-29875-X.
* Powell, John W. (1891). Indian linguistic families of America north of Mexico. Seventh annual report, Bureau of American Ethnology (pp. 1-142 1–142). Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. (Reprinted in P. Holder (Ed.), 1966, ''Introduction to Handbook of American Indian languages by Franz Boas and Indian linguistic families of America, north of Mexico, by J. W. Powell'', Lincoln: University of Nebraska).
* Powell, John W. (1915). ''Linguistic families of American Indians north of Mexico by J. W. Powell, revised by members of the staff of the Bureau of American Ethnology''. (Map). Bureau of American Ethnology miscellaneous publication (No. 11). Baltimore: Hoen.
* Rowe, John H. (1954). Linguistics classification problems in South America. In M. B. Emeneau (Ed.), ''Papers from the symposium on American Indian linguistics'' (pp. 10-26 10–26). University of California publications in linguistics (Vol. 10). Berkeley: University of California Press.
* Sapir, Edward. (1929). Central and North American languages. In ''The encyclopædia britannica: A new survey of universal knowledge'' (14 ed.) (Vol. 5, pp. 138-141 138–141). London: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company, Ltd.
* Sebeok, Thomas A. (Ed.). (1973). ''Linguistics in North America'' (parts 1 & 2). Current trends in linguistics (Vol. 10). The Hauge: Mouton. (Reprinted as Sebeok 1976).
* Sebeok, Thomas A. (Ed.). (1976). ''Native languages of the Americas''. New York: Plenum.
* Sherzer, Joel. (1973). Areal linguistics in North America. In T. A. Sebeok (Ed.), ''Linguistics in North America'' (part 2, pp. 749-795 749–795). Current trends in linguistics (Vol. 10). The Hauge: Mouton. (Reprinted in Sebeok 1976).
* Sherzer, Joel. (1976). ''An areal-typological study of American Indian languages north of Mexico''. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
* Sturtevant, William C. (Ed.). (1978-present). ''Handbook of North American Indians'' (Vol. 1-20). Washington, D. C.: Smithsonian Institution. (Vols. 1-3, 16, 18-20 not yet published).