Fosfolipase A2: Diferenzas entre revisións

==Relevance in Neurological Disorders==

In normal brain cells, PLA2 regulation accounts for a balance between [[arachidonic acid]]'s conversion into proinflammatory mediators and its reincorporation into the membrane. In the absence of strict regulation of PLA2 activity, a disproportionate amount of proinflammatory mediators are produced. The resulting induced [[oxidative stress]] and neuroinflammation is analogous to neurological diseases such as [[Alzheimer's disease]], [[epilepsy]], [[multiple sclerosis]], [[ischemia]]. [[Lysophospholipid]]s are another class of molecules released from the membrane that are upstream predecessors of [[platelet activating factor]]s (PAF). Abnormal levels of potent PAF are also associated with neurological damage. An optimal [[enzyme inhibitor]] would specifically target PLA2 activity on neural cell membranes already under [[oxidative stress]] and potent [[inflammation]]. Thus, specific inhibitors of brain PLA2 could be a pharmaceutical approach to treatment of several disorders associated with neural trauma.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Farooqui AA, Ong WY, Horrocks LA | title = Inhibitors of brain phospholipase A2 activity: their neuropharmacological effects and therapeutic importance for the treatment of neurologic disorders | journal = Pharmacological Reviews | volume = 58 | issue = 3 | pages = 591–620 | date = Sep 2006 | pmid = 16968951 | doi = 10.1124/pr.58.3.7 }}</ref>

 

Increased phospholipase A2 has also been associated with neuropsychiatric disorders such as [[schizophrenia]] and [[pervasive developmental disorders]] (such as [[autism]]), though the mechanisms involved are not known.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bell JG, MacKinlay EE, Dick JR, MacDonald DJ, Boyle RM, Glen AC | title = Essential fatty acids and phospholipase A2 in autistic spectrum disorders | journal = Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Essential Fatty Acids | volume = 71 | issue = 4 | pages = 201–4 | date = Oct 2004 | pmid = 15301788 | doi = 10.1016/j.plefa.2004.03.008 }}</ref>