Desfosforilación: Diferenzas entre revisións

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Miguelferig (conversa | contribucións)
Miguelferig (conversa | contribucións)
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=== Modificación postraducional ===
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During the synthesis of proteins, polypeptide chains, which are created by ribosomes translating mRNA, must be processed before assuming a mature conformation. The dephosphorylation of proteins is a mechanism for modifying behavior of a protein, often by activating or inactivating an [[enzyme]]. Components of the protein synthetic apparatus also undergo phosphorylation and dephosphorylation and thus regulate the rates of protein synthesis.<ref name="pmid2349232">{{cite journal |author=Celis JE, Madsen P, Ryazanov AG |title=Increased phosphorylation of elongation factor 2 during mitosis in transformed human amnion cells correlates with a decreased rate of protein synthesis |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=87 |issue=11 |pages=4231–5 |date=June 1990 |pmid=2349232 |pmc=54082 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.87.11.4231|url=}}</ref>
 
DuringDurante thea synthesissíntese ofde proteinsproteinas, polypeptideas cadeas chainspolipeptídicas, whichque arese createdforman bypola ribosomes[[tradución de proteínas|tradución]] nos ribosomas a partir translatingdo mRNAARNm, mustdebe beser processedprocesado beforeantes assumingde aasumir unha matureconformación conformationmadura. TheA dephosphorylationdesfosforilación ofde proteinsproteínas isé aun mechanismmecanismo forpara modifyinga behaviormodificación ofdo acomportamento dunha proteinproteína, oftenxeralmente byao activatingactivar orou inactivatinginactivar anun [[enzyme]]encima. ComponentsCompoñentes ofdo theaparato proteinsntético synthetice apparatusproteínas alsotamén undergosofren phosphorylationfosforilación ande dephosphorylationdesfosforilación ande thusasí regulateregula thea ratesvelocidade ofde proteinsíntese synthesisproteica.<ref name="pmid2349232">{{cite journal |author=Celis JE, Madsen P, Ryazanov AG |title=Increased phosphorylation of elongation factor 2 during mitosis in transformed human amnion cells correlates with a decreased rate of protein synthesis |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=87 |issue=11 |pages=4231–5 |date=June 1990 |pmid=2349232 |pmc=54082 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.87.11.4231|url=}}</ref>
As part of postranslational modifications, phosphate groups may be removed from serine, threonine, or tyrosine. As such, pathways of intracellular signal transduction depend on sequential phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of a wide variety of proteins.
 
Como parte de modificacións postraducionais, poden quitarse grupos fosfato da serina, treonina, ou tirosina. As vías da [[transdiución de sinais]] intracelular dependen da fosforilación e desfosforilación secuencial dunha ampla variedade ded proteínas.
=== ATP ===
{{Main|adenosine triphosphate}}
 
=== ATP ===
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ATP<sup>4−</sup> + H<sub>2</sub>O <big>→</big> ADP<sup>3−</sup> + HPO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup> + H<sup>+</sup>