Biogás: Diferenzas entre revisións

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A composición do biogás variesvaría dependingdependendo uponda theorixe origindo ofproceso thede [[anaerobicdixestión digestionanaeróbica]] process. [[LandfillO gas]]biogás typicallyde hasvertedoiros methanede lixo ten tipicamente concentracións de concentrationsmetano arounddo 50%. AdvancedCon wastetecnoloxías treatmentmáis technologiesavanzadas cando producetratamento biogasdo withlixo pode producirse biogás cun 55%–75% methanede metano,<ref>[http://www.oaktech-environmental.com/Juniper.htm Juniper Biogas Yield Comparison]</ref> whichque foren reactorsreactores withlibres freede liquidslíquido canpode bechegar increased toao 80%-90% methanede usingmetano in-situusando técnicas de purificación do gas purificationin techniquessitu.<ref>{{Cite Richards, B.; Herndon, F. G.; Jewell, W. J.; Cummings, R. J.; White, T. E. (1994). "In situ methane enrichment in methanogenic energy crop digesters". Biomass and Bioenergy 6 (4): 275–274. doi|:10.1016/0961-9534(94)90067-1}}. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0961953494900671]</ref> AsO produced,biogás biogasproducido contains watercontén vapor. Thede fractionalauga, e a fracción do volume ofcorrespondente waterao vapor isde aauga functioné offunción biogasda temperature;temperatura correctiondo ofbiogás; measureda gascorrección do volume forde watergas, contido de vapor contentde andauga thermale expansionexpansión istérmica easilypode donefacerse viacon simplefáciles mathematicscálculos matemáticos<ref>{{Cite Richards, B.; Cummings, R.; White, T.; Jewell, W. (1991). "Methods for kinetic analysis of methane fermentation in high solids biomass digesters". Biomass and Bioenergy 1 (2): 65–26. doi|:10.1016/0961-9534(91)90028-B}}. [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/096195349190028B]</ref> whichpara yieldsobter the standardizedo volume ofestandarizado de drybiogás biogasseco.
 
Nalgúns casos o biogás contén [[siloxano]]s, que se forman pola descomposición anaeróbica de materiais que forman parte de xabóns e deterxentes. Durante a combustión de biogás que contén siloxanos, libérase [[silicio]], que pode combinarse con oxíxeno libre ou outros elementos. Poden formarse depósitos constituídos principalmente por [[sílice]] (SiO<sub>2</sub>) ou [[silicato]]s (Si<sub>x</sub>O<sub>y</sub>) e poden conter [[calcio]], [[xofre]], [[cinc]], e [[fósforo]]. Estes depósitos de mineral branco acumúlanse formando unha capa de varios milímetros de grosor e deben ser retirados por medios químicos ou mecánicos.<ref name="BiogasSiloxaneRemoval">{{Cite web|url=http://www.appliedfiltertechnology.com/Userfiles/Docs/AFT_SWANA_2006_Paper_Rev1.pdf|title=New Landfill Gas Treatment Technology Dramatically Lowers Energy Production Costs|last=Tower|first=P.|author2=Wetzel, J. |author3=Lombard, X. |date=March 2006|publisher=Applied Filter Technology|accessdate=30 April 2009}} {{Dead link |date=September 2010 |bot=H3llBot}}</ref>
In some cases, biogas contains [[siloxanes]]. They are formed from the [[anaerobic decomposition]] of materials commonly found in soaps and detergents. During combustion of biogas containing siloxanes, [[silicon]] is released and can combine with free oxygen or other elements in the [[combustion gas]]. Deposits are formed containing mostly [[silica]] ({{chem|SiO|2}}) or [[silicates]] ({{chem|Si|''x''|O|''y''}}) and can contain [[calcium]], [[sulfur]], [[zinc]], [[phosphorus]]. Such [[white mineral]] deposits accumulate to a surface thickness of several millimeters and must be removed by chemical or mechanical means.
 
Practical and cost-effective technologies to remove siloxanes and other biogas contaminants are available.<ref name="BiogasSiloxaneRemoval">{{Cite web |url=http://www.appliedfiltertechnology.com/Userfiles/Docs/AFT_SWANA_2006_Paper_Rev1.pdf|title=New Landfill Gas Treatment Technology Dramatically Lowers Energy Production Costs|last=Tower|first=P.|author2=Wetzel, J. |author3=Lombard, X. |date=March 2006|publisher=Applied Filter Technology|accessdate=30 April 2009}} {{Dead link |date=September 2010 |bot=H3llBot}}</ref>
 
For 1000&nbsp;kg (wet weight) of input to a typical biodigester, total solids may be 30% of the wet weight while [[volatile suspended solids]] may be 90% of the total solids. Protein would be 20% of the volatile solids, carbohydrates would be 70% of the volatile solids, and finally fats would be 10% of the volatile solids.
 
== Biodixestor ==