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==Notas==
{{listaref}}
* {{cite journal | author=Goldfrank D, Schoenberger E, Gilbert F | title=Disease genes and chromosomes: disease maps of the human genome. Chromosome 4 | journal=Genet Test | year=2003 | pages=351–72 | volume=7 | issue=4 | pmid=15000816 | doi=10.1089/109065703322783752}}
* {{cite journal | author=Hillier LW, Graves TA, Fulton RS, Fulton LA, Pepin KH, Minx P, Wagner-McPherson C, Layman D, Wylie K, Sekhon M, Becker MC, Fewell GA, Delehaunty KD, Miner TL, Nash WE, Kremitzki C, Oddy L, Du H, Sun H, Bradshaw-Cordum H, Ali J, Carter J, Cordes M, Harris A, Isak A, van Brunt A, Nguyen C, Du F, Courtney L, Kalicki J, Ozersky P, Abbott S, Armstrong J, Belter EA, Caruso L, Cedroni M, Cotton M, Davidson T, Desai A, Elliott G, Erb T, Fronick C, Gaige T, Haakenson W, Haglund K, Holmes A, Harkins R, Kim K, Kruchowski SS, Strong CM, Grewal N, Goyea E, Lou S, Levy A, Martinka S, Mead K, McLellan MD, Meyer R, Randall-Maher J, Tomlinson C, Dauphin-Kohlberg S, Kozlowicz-Reilly A, Shah N, Swearengen-Shahid S, Snider J, Strong JT, Thompson J, Yoakum M, Leonard S, Pearman C, Trani L, Radionenko M, Waligorski JE, Wang C, Rock SM, Tin-Wollam AM, Maupin R, Latreille P, Wendl MC, Yang SP, Pohl C, Wallis JW, Spieth J, Bieri TA, Berkowicz N, Nelson JO, Osborne J, Ding L, Meyer R, Sabo A, Shotland Y, Sinha P, Wohldmann PE, Cook LL, Hickenbotham MT, Eldred J, Williams D, Jones TA, She X, Ciccarelli FD, Izaurralde E, Taylor J, Schmutz J, Myers RM, Cox DR, Huang X, McPherson JD, Mardis ER, Clifton SW, Warren WC, Chinawalla AT, Teddy SR, Marra MA, Ovcharenko I, Furey TS, Miller W, Eichler EE, Pork P, Suyama M, Torrents D, Waterston RH, Wilson RK | title=Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4 | journal=Nature | year=2005 | pages=724–31 | volume=434 | issue=7034 | pmid=15815621 | doi=10.1038/nature03466}}
{{Cromosomas humanos}}
[[Categoría:Cromosomas]]
[[ca:Cromosoma 4]]
[[de:Chromosom 4 (Mensch)]]
[[en:Chromosome 4 (human)]]
[[es:Cromosoma 4 (humano)]]
[[fr:Chromosome 4 humain]]
[[it:Cromosoma 4 (umano)]]
[[hu:Humán 4-es kromoszóma]]
[[mk:Четврт човечки хромозом]]
[[nl:Chromosoom 4]]
[[no:Kromosom 4]]
[[pl:Chromosom 4]]
[[pt:Cromossoma 4 (humano)]]
[[ro:Cromozomul uman 4]]
[[ru:4-я хромосома человека]]
[[sr:Хромозом 4 (човек)]]
[[tr:Kromozom 4]]
[[zh:4號染色體 (人類)]]
{{entradución}}
[[Ficheiro:Chromosome 4.svg|125px|right]]
O '''cromosoma 4''' humano é un [[cromosoma]] pertencente a un dos 23 pares de cromosomas humanos. Igual que ocorre cos demais cromosomas, nas nosas células [[haploide]]s ([[espermatozoide]]s, [[óvulo]]s) temos unha soa copia deste cromosoma, e nas [[diploide]]s temos dúas (un par). O cromosoma ten gran tamaño, xa que comprende algo máis de 186 millóns de [[par de bases|pares de bases]] e representa entre o 6 e o 6,5 % do total de [[ADN]] da célula.
Como a identificación dos [[xene]]s nos cromosomas depende do método utilizado, segundo cal sexa este as estimacións poden variar. No cromosoma 4 estímase que probablemente existen 700 e 1.100 xenes.
==Xenes==
Algúns dos xenes do cromosoma 4 son os seguintes:
* [[ANK2]]: [[ankyrin 2]], [[neuronal]]
* [[CRMP1]]: Collapsin response mediator protein 1, a member of [[Collapsin response mediator protein family|CRMP family]]
* [[CXCL1]]: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1, ''scyb1''
* [[CXCL2]]: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2, ''scyb2''
* [[CXCL3]]: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 3, ''scyb3''
* [[platelet factor 4|CXCL4]]: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 4, Platelet factor-4, PF-4, ''scyb4''
* [[CXCL5]]: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 5, ''scyb5''
* [[CXCL6]]: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 6, ''scyb6''
* [[CXCL7]]: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 7, PPBP, ''scyb7''
* [[interleukin 8|CXCL8]]: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8, interleukin 8 (IL-8), ''scyb8''
* [[CXCL9]]: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9, ''scyb9''
* [[CXCL10]]: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10, ''scyb10''
* [[CXCL11]]: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11, ''scyb11''
* [[CXCL13]]: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13, ''scyb13''
* [[DUX4]]: Thought to be inactive but 2010 research shows a key role in [[FSHD]]<ref name="Unifying">{{cite journal|last=Lemmers|first=Richard|coauthors=Patrick J. van der Vliet, Rinse Klooster, Sabrina Sacconi, Pilar Camaño, Johannes G. Dauwerse, Lauren Snider, Kirsten R. Straasheijm, Gert Jan van Ommen, George W. Padberg, Daniel G. Miller, Stephen J. Tapscott, Rabi Tawil, Rune R. Frants, and Silvère M. van der Maarel |title=A Unifying Genetic Model for Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy|journal=Science|volume=329|pages=1650–3|date=19 August 2010|pmid=20724583|doi=10.1126/science.1189044|url=http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/science.1189044|issue=5999}}</ref>
* [[EVC (gene)|EVC]]: [[Ellis van Creveld syndrome]]
* [[EVC2]]: [[Ellis van Creveld syndrome 2]] ([[limbin]])
* [[FGFR3]]: fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 ([[achondroplasia]], [[thanatophoric dwarfism]], [[bladder cancer]])
* [[FGFRL1]]: fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1
* [[Complement Factor I]]: Complement Factor I
* [[Huntingtin|HTT]] (Huntingtin): [[huntingtin]] protein ([[Huntington's disease]])
* [[MMAA]]: [[methylmalonic aciduria]] ([[cobalamin deficiency]]) cblA type
* [[PHOX2B]]: codes for a [[homeodomain]] transcription factor
* [[PKD2]]: [[polycystic kidney disease 2]] ([[autosomal dominant]])
* [[PLK4]]
* [[QDPR]]: [[quinoid dihydropteridine reductase]]
* [[Alpha-synuclein|SNCA]]: [[synuclein]], [[alpha]] ([[non A4 component of amyloid precursor]])
* [[UCHL1]]: [[ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal esterase L1]] ([[ubiquitin thiolesterase]])
* [[WFS1]]: [[Wolfram syndrome 1]] ([[wolframin]])
* [[FGF2]]: [[Fibroblast growth factor 2]] ([[basic fibroblast growth factor]])
* [[KDR (gene)|KDR]]: Kinase insert domain receptor ([[Vascular endothelial growth factor]] receptor 2)
* [[IGJ (gene)|IGJ]]: linker protein for immunoglobulin alpha and mu polypeptides
* [[HCL2(gene)|HCL2 (also called RHA or RHC)]]: related to red hair
==Enfermidades asociadas==
The following are some of the diseases related to genes located on chromosome 4:
* [[achondroplasia]]
* [[autosomal dominant polycystic kidney]] disease (PKD-2)
* [[bladder cancer]]
* [[Crouzonodermoskeletal syndrome]]
* [[Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia]]
* [[Ellis-van Creveld syndrome]]
* [[Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy]]
* [[Fibrodysplasia ossificans progessiva FOP]]
* [[Hemophilia C]]
* [[Huntington's disease]]
* [[Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome]]
* [[Hirschprung's disease]]
* [[hypochondroplasia]]
* [[methylmalonic acidemia]]
* [[Muenke syndrome]]
* [[nonsyndromic deafness]]
* [[nonsyndromic deafness, autosomal dominant]]
* [[Ondine's Curse]]
* [[Parkinsons disease]]
* [[polycystic kidney disease]]
* [[Romano-Ward syndrome]]
* [[SADDAN]]
* [[tetrahydrobiopterin deficiency]]
* [[thanatophoric dysplasia]]
* [[thanatophoric dysplasia, type 1]]
* [[thanatophoric dysplasia, type 2]]
* [[Wolfram syndrome]]
==References==
{{listaref}}
* {{cite journal | author=Goldfrank D, Schoenberger E, Gilbert F | title=Disease genes and chromosomes: disease maps of the human genome. Chromosome 4 | journal=Genet Test | year=2003 | pages=351–72 | volume=7 | issue=4 | pmid=15000816 | doi=10.1089/109065703322783752}}
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