TheOs macrolideantibióticos antibioticsmacrólidos erythromycineritromicina, clarithromycinclaritromicina, ande roxithromycinroxitromicina havedemostraron provenser toefectivos becomo antratamento effectivecontra long-termcerta treatmentdoenza forpulmonar thefrecuente [[idiopathic]], Asian-prevalenten lungAsia diseasechamada [[diffusepanbroquiolite panbronchiolitis]]difusa (DPB).<ref name=mac>{{Cite journal|author=Keicho N, Kudoh S |title=Diffuse panbronchiolitis: role of macrolides in therapy |journal=Am J Respir Med. |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=119–131 |year=2002 |pmid=14720066 }}</ref>▼
====Panbronquiolite difusa====
<ref name=mac08>{{Cite journal|author=Lopez-Boado YS, Rubin BK |title=Macrolides as immunomodulatory medications for the therapy of chronic lung diseases |journal=Curr Opin Pharmacol. |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=286–291 |year=2008 |pmid=18339582 |doi=10.1016/j.coph.2008.01.010 }}</ref> O efecto beneficioso dos macrólidos nesta doenza deriva de que controlan os síntomas a través da [[inmunomodulación]], é dicir, axustando a resposta inmunitaria,<ref name=mac08/> co beneficio engadido de requirir doses máis baixas. A inflamación diminúe e suprímese a proliferación de neutrófilos e linfocitos. <ref name=mac/> Que o seu efecto se debe a inmunomodulación ponse en evidencia porque se usan a doses moi baixas como para que poidan combater a infección directamente, e porque alivian os síntomas mesmo cando a bacteria é resistente aos macrólidos <ref name=mac04>{{Cite journal|author=Schultz MJ |title=Macrolide activities beyond their antimicrobial effects: macrolides in diffuse panbronchiolitis and cystic fibrosis |journal=J Antimicrob Chemother. |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=21–28 |year=2004 |pmid=15190022 |doi=10.1093/jac/dkh309 }}</ref>.
▲The macrolide antibiotics erythromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin have proven to be an effective long-term treatment for the [[idiopathic]], Asian-prevalent lung disease [[diffuse panbronchiolitis]] (DPB).<ref name=mac>{{Cite journal|author=Keicho N, Kudoh S |title=Diffuse panbronchiolitis: role of macrolides in therapy |journal=Am J Respir Med. |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=119–131 |year=2002 |pmid=14720066 }}</ref>
<ref name=mac08>{{Cite journal|author=Lopez-Boado YS, Rubin BK |title=Macrolides as immunomodulatory medications for the therapy of chronic lung diseases |journal=Curr Opin Pharmacol. |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=286–291 |year=2008 |pmid=18339582 |doi=10.1016/j.coph.2008.01.010 }}</ref> The successful results of macrolides in DPB stems from controlling symptoms through [[immunomodulation]] (adjusting the immune response),<ref name=mac08/> with the added benefit of [[dosing|low-dose]] requirements.<ref name=mac/>
With macrolide therapy in DPB, great reduction in bronchiolar inflammation and damage is achieved through suppression of not only [[neutrophil granulocyte]] proliferation but also [[lymphocyte]] activity and obstructive [[secretion]]s in airways.<ref name=mac/> The antimicrobial and antibiotic effects of macrolides, however, are not believed to be involved in their beneficial effects toward treating DPB.<ref name=mac04>{{Cite journal|author=Schultz MJ |title=Macrolide activities beyond their antimicrobial effects: macrolides in diffuse panbronchiolitis and cystic fibrosis |journal=J Antimicrob Chemother. |volume=54 |issue=1 |pages=21–28 |year=2004 |pmid=15190022 |doi=10.1093/jac/dkh309 }}</ref> This is evident, as the treatment dosage is much too low to fight infection, and in DPB cases with the occurrence of the macrolide-resistant bacterium ''[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]'', macrolide therapy still produces substantial anti-inflammatory results.<ref name=mac/>
