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[[Ficheiro:Amikacin.svg|thumb|right|Amicacina. <br> [[Nomenclatura da IUPAC|Nome IUPAC]] = (2''S'')-4-amino-N-[(2''S'',3''S'',4''R'',5''S'')-5-amino-2-<br>[(2''S'',3''R'',4''S'',5''S'',6''R'')-4-amino-3,5-dihidroxi-<br>6-(hidroximetil)oxan-2-il]oxi-4-[(2''R'',3''R'',<br>4''S'',5''R'',6''R'')-6-(aminometil)-3,4,5-trihidroxi-<br>oxan-2-il]oxi-3-hidroxi-ciclohexil]-2-hidroxi-<br>butanamida.]]
A '''amicacina''' ou '''amikacina''' é un [[antibiótico]] do grupo ddos [[aminoglicósido]]s utilizado no tratamento de diversas infeccións bacterianas. A amicacina funciona uníndose á subunidade de [[30S]] do [[ribosoma]] bacteriano, interferindo coa [[tradución (proteínas)|síntese de proteínas]] causando erros de lectura do [[ARNm]].
{{Drugbox
| Verifiedfields = changed
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 400822234
| IUPAC_name = (2''S'')-4-amino-N-[(2''S'',3''S'',4''R'',5''S'')-5-amino-2-<br>[(2''S'',3''R'',4''S'',5''S'',6''R'')-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-<br>6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-4-[(2''R'',3''R'',<br>4''S'',5''R'',6''R'')-6-(aminomethyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-<br>oxan-2-yl]oxy-3-hydroxy-cyclohexyl]-2-hydroxy-<br>butanamide
| image = Amikacin.svg
<!--Clinical data-->
| tradename = Amikin
| Drugs.com = {{drugs.com|monograph|amikacin-sulfate}}
| MedlinePlus = a682661
| pregnancy_AU = D
| pregnancy_US = C
| legal_UK = POM
| legal_US = Rx-only
| routes_of_administration = [[Intramuscular injection|Intramuscular]], [[Intravenous therapy|intravenous]]
<!--Pharmacokinetic data-->
| bioavailability =
| protein_bound = 0-11%
| metabolism =
| elimination_half-life = 2-3 hours
| excretion = [[Kidney|Renal]]
<!--Identifiers-->
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CAS_number = 37517-28-5
| ATC_prefix = D06
| ATC_suffix = AX12
| ATC_supplemental = {{ATC|J01|GB06}}, {{ATC|S01|AA21}}
| PubChem = 37768
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = APRD00550
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 34635
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 84319SGC3C
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}}
| KEGG = D02543
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 2637
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 177
<!--Chemical data-->
| C=22 | H=43 | N=5 | O=13
| molecular_weight = 585.603 g/mol
| smiles = O=C(N[C@H]3[C@H](O[C@H]1O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](N)[C@H]1O)CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@H]2O[C@H](CN)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)[C@@H](N)C3)[C@@H](O)CCN
| InChI = 1/C22H43N5O13/c23-2-1-8(29)20(36)27-7-3-6(25)18(39-22-16(34)15(33)13(31)9(4-24)37-22)17(35)19(7)40-21-14(32)11(26)12(30)10(5-28)38-21/h6-19,21-22,28-35H,1-5,23-26H2,(H,27,36)/t6-,7+,8-,9+,10+,11-,12+,13+,14+,15-,16+,17-,18+,19-,21+,22+/m0/s1
| InChIKey = LKCWBDHBTVXHDL-RMDFUYIEBW
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C22H43N5O13/c23-2-1-8(29)20(36)27-7-3-6(25)18(39-22-16(34)15(33)13(31)9(4-24)37-22)17(35)19(7)40-21-14(32)11(26)12(30)10(5-28)38-21/h6-19,21-22,28-35H,1-5,23-26H2,(H,27,36)/t6-,7+,8-,9+,10+,11-,12+,13+,14+,15-,16+,17-,18+,19-,21+,22+/m0/s1
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = LKCWBDHBTVXHDL-RMDFUYIESA-N
}}
'''Amikacin''' is an [[aminoglycoside]] [[antibiotic]] used to treat different types of [[bacteria]]l [[infection]]s. Amikacin works by binding to the bacterial [[30S]] [[ribosome|ribosomal]] subunit, causing misreading of [[mRNA]] and leaving the bacterium unable to synthesize [[protein]]s vital to its growth.
==Administración==
a amicacina pode administrarse unha ou dúas veces ao día por vía intravenosa ou intramuscular, xa que non se absorbe oralmente. As persoas con [[insuficiencia renal]], a dosificación debe axustarse de acordo co aclaremento de creatinina, xeralmente reducindo a frecuencia das doses.
Amikacin may be administered once or twice a day but must be given by the [[intravenous]] or [[intramuscular]] route. There is no oral form available as amikacin is not absorbed orally. In people with [[kidney failure]], dosage must be adjusted according to the creatinine clearance, usually by reducing the dosing frequency.
==Usos==
AmikacinA isamicacina mostúsase oftenprincipalmente usedpara fortratar treatingcasos severe,graves hospital-acquiredde infectionsinfeccións withhospitalarias [[multidrugpor resistance|multidrug resistant]]bacterias [[Gram negativenegativa]]s bacteria suchmultirresistentes, ascomo ''[[Pseudomonas aeruginosa]]'', ''[[Acinetobacter]]'', ande ''[[Enterobacter]]''. Tamén se inclúen no seu espectro a [[ Serratia marcescens]] ande a [[Providencia stuartii]] are also included in the spectrum. AmikacinA canamicacina alsopode betamén usedutilizarse topara treattratar noninfeccións tubercularpor mycobacterialmicobacterias, infectionscomo anda tuberculosis[[tuberculose]] (ifcando causedos bytratamentos sensitivede strains)primeira whenliña first line drugs fail to control thenon infectionfuncionan.
AmikacinA mayamicacina bepode combinedcombinarse withcon aantibióticos [[beta-lactam antibioticlactámico]]s para realizar forunha [[empiricterapia therapyempírica]] foren peoplepersoas withcon [[neutropenia]] ande [[feverfebre]].
==Resistencia==
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