[[Image:protein pattern analyzer.jpg|300px|thumb|right|Preparación robótica de amostras de [[MALDI]] [[espectrometría de masa]] nun cargador de amostra.]]
A '''Proteómica''' é o estudo en larga escala das [[proteína]]s, particularmente das súas [[estrutura de proteína|estruturas]] e [[xenómica funcional|funcións]].<ref name="pmid9740045">{{cite journal |author=Anderson NL, Anderson NG |title=Proteome and proteomics: new technologies, new concepts, and new words |journal=Electrophoresis |volume=19 |issue=11 |pages=1853–61 |year=1998 |pmid=9740045 |doi=10.1002/elps.1150191103}}</ref><ref name="pmid10189717">{{cite journal |author=Blackstock WP, Weir MP |title=Proteomics: quantitative and physical mapping of cellular proteins |journal=Trends Biotechnol. |volume=17 |issue=3 |pages=121–7 |year=1999 |pmid=10189717| doi = 10.1016/S0167-7799(98)01245-1}}</ref> ProteinsAs areproteínas vitalson partsconstituintes ofvitais dos livingseres organismsvivos, asna theymedida areen theque mainson componentsos ofprincipais thecomponentes physiologicaldas [[metabolicvías pathways]]metabólicas offisiolóxicas [[biologicaldas cell|cells]]células. TheO termtermo "proteomics"proteómica wasfoi firstprimeiramente coinedutilizado inen 1997<ref>{{cite journal |author=P. James |title=Protein identification in the post-genome era: the rapid rise of proteomics.|journal=Quarterly reviews of biophysics|volume=30 |issue=4|pages=279–331 |year=1997 |pmid=9634650 |doi=10.1017/S0033583597003399}}</ref> topara makeestabelecer anunha analogyanaloxía withcoa [[genomicsxenómica]], theo studyestudo of thedos [[genexene]]s. TheA wordpalabra "proteomeproteoma" isé aunha [[blend]] ofmestura de "'''prote'''inína" ande "genxen'''omeoma'''", ande wasfoi coinedempregada bypor [[Marc Wilkins (geneticist)|Marc Wilkins]] inen 1994 whileenquanto workingeste ondesenvolvía theo conceito conceptdurante aso aseu PhDestudo studentdoutorado.<ref name="wilkins1996">{{cite journal |author=Marc R. Wilkins, Christian Pasquali, Ron D. Appel, Keli Ou, Olivier Golaz, Jean-Charles Sanchez, Jun X. Yan, Andrew. A. Gooley, Graham Hughes, Ian Humphery-Smith, Keith L. Williams & Denis F. Hochstrasser|title=From Proteins to Proteomes: Large Scale Protein Identification by Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis and Arnino Acid Analysis|journal=Nature Biotechnology |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=61–65 |year=1996 |pmid=9636313 |doi=10.1038/nbt0196-61|accessdate=2009-01-15}}</ref><ref>[http://www.babs.unsw.edu.au/directory.php?personnelID=12 UNSW Staff Bio: Professor Marc Wilkins]</ref> TheO [[proteomeproteoma]] isé theo entireconxunto complementtotal ofde proteinsproteínas,<ref name="wilkins1996" /> includingincluindo theaquelas modificationscontendo mademodificacións. toEste aconxunto particularpode setvariar ofao proteins,longo produceddo bytempo ane organismde oracordo system.con Thisexixencias willou varystreses withespecíficos timepolos andquais distinctunha requirements,célula orou stresses,organismo that a cell or organism undergoespasan.
==Complexidade do problema==
==Complexity of the problem==
After genomics, proteomics is considered the next step in the study of biological systems. It is much more complicated than genomics mostly because while an organism's [[genome]] is more or less constant, the [[proteome]] differs from cell to cell and from time to time. This is because distinct genes are expressed in distinct cell types. This means that even the basic set of proteins which are produced in a cell needs to be determined.
